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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Good Sign:
Beneish M-Score -2.62 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
The historical rank and industry rank for Noble Roman's's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Noble Roman's was 6.69. The lowest was -3.68. And the median was -2.57.
The historical data trend for Noble Roman's's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Noble Roman's Annual Data | |||||||||||||||||||||
Trend | Dec14 | Dec15 | Dec16 | Dec17 | Dec18 | Dec19 | Dec20 | Dec21 | Dec22 | Dec23 | |||||||||||
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | -3.33 | -3.50 | -2.52 | -2.48 | -1.64 |
Noble Roman's Quarterly Data | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dec19 | Mar20 | Jun20 | Sep20 | Dec20 | Mar21 | Jun21 | Sep21 | Dec21 | Mar22 | Jun22 | Sep22 | Dec22 | Mar23 | Jun23 | Sep23 | Dec23 | Mar24 | Jun24 | Sep24 | |
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | 6.69 | -1.64 | -3.23 | -3.06 | -2.62 |
For the Restaurants subindustry, Noble Roman's's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
For the Restaurants industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, Noble Roman's's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Noble Roman's's Beneish M-Score falls into.
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Noble Roman's for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
= | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.9382 | + | 0.528 * 1.1631 | + | 0.404 * 1.183 | + | 0.892 * 1.0433 | + | 0.115 * 0.0289 | |
- | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI | |||||||
- | 0.172 * 0.7626 | + | 4.679 * -0.043566 | - | 0.327 * 1.0132 | |||||||
= | -2.62 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
This Year (Sep24) TTM: | Last Year (Sep23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $1.29 Mil. Revenue was 3.88 + 3.905 + 3.666 + 3.334 = $14.79 Mil. Gross Profit was 1.089 + 1.23 + 1.119 + 0.941 = $4.38 Mil. Total Current Assets was $2.97 Mil. Total Assets was $16.85 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $8.45 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.38 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $1.70 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $9.18 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $3.73 Mil. Net Income was 0.193 + 0.057 + -0.086 + 0.112 = $0.28 Mil. Non Operating Income was 0.192 + -0.066 + -0.125 + 0 = $0.00 Mil. Cash Flow from Operations was 0.024 + -0.089 + 0.562 + 0.512 = $1.01 Mil. |
Total Receivables was $1.32 Mil. Revenue was 3.739 + 3.796 + 3.308 + 3.329 = $14.17 Mil. Gross Profit was 1.129 + 1.326 + 2.14 + 0.287 = $4.88 Mil. Total Current Assets was $3.52 Mil. Total Assets was $17.99 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $9.58 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.01 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $2.13 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $1.99 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $11.62 Mil. |
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
= | (1.29 / 14.785) | / | (1.318 / 14.172) | |
= | 0.087251 | / | 0.093 | |
= | 0.9382 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
= | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) | |
= | (4.882 / 14.172) | / | (4.379 / 14.785) | |
= | 0.344482 | / | 0.296179 | |
= | 1.1631 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | (1 - (2.97 + 8.453) / 16.848) | / | (1 - (3.515 + 9.58) / 17.992) | |
= | 0.321997 | / | 0.272177 | |
= | 1.183 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
= | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 | |
= | 14.785 | / | 14.172 | |
= | 1.0433 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
= | (0.012 / (0.012 + 9.58)) | / | (0.382 / (0.382 + 8.453)) | |
= | 0.001251 | / | 0.043237 | |
= | 0.0289 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
= | (1.697 / 14.785) | / | (2.133 / 14.172) | |
= | 0.114778 | / | 0.150508 | |
= | 0.7626 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | ((3.731 + 9.181) / 16.848) | / | ((11.617 + 1.992) / 17.992) | |
= | 0.766382 | / | 0.756392 | |
= | 1.0132 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
= | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t | |
= | (0.276 - 0.001 | - | 1.009) | / | 16.848 | |
= | -0.043566 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Noble Roman's has a M-score of -2.62 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Noble Roman's's Beneish M-Score provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Marcel Herbst | director | 834 W. ROSCOE ST., UNIT 2, CHICAGO X1 60657 |
Bt Brands, Inc. | other: 5% owner | 405 MAIN AVENUE WEST, SUITE 2D, WEST FARGO ND 58078 |
Robert P Stiller | 10 percent owner | 515 N. FLAGLER DR., SUITE 1702, WEST PALM BEACH FL 33401 |
William Wildman | director | 101 WEST OHIO STREET, SUITE 2000, INDIANAPOLIS IN 46204 |
Alan Scott Mobley | director, officer: President | ONE VIRGINIA AVE, SUITE 800, INDIANAPOLIS IN 46204 |
Douglas Harold Coape-arnold | director | 1000 POST ROAD, SCARSDALE NY 10583 |
Privet Fund Lp | 10 percent owner, other: See Explanation of Responses | 3280 PEACHTREE ROAD NE, SUITE 2670, Atlanta GA 30305 |
Mitchell Grunat | officer: VP of Franchise Services | 2 OAK PARK CT, NOVATO CA 94945 |
Privet Fund Management Llc | 10 percent owner, other: See Explanation of Responses | 3280 PEACHTREE ROAD NE, SUITE 2670, ATLANTA GA 30305 |
Paul W Mobley | director, 10 percent owner, officer: CEO, CFO | |
Ryan Levenson | 10 percent owner, other: See Explanation of Responses | 2396 DELLWOOD DRIVE, ATLANTA GA 30305 |
James Douglas Bales | officer: Vice President of Operations | 15727 GATESHEAD DRIVE, WESTFIELD IN 46074 |
Geovest Capital Partners, Lp | 10 percent owner | 1000 POST ROAD, SCARSDALE NY 10583 |
Jeffrey R Gaither | director | 111 MONUMENT CIRCLE, SUITE 2700, INDIANAPOLIS IN 46204 |
James F Basili | director | 536 GRAND STREET, SUITE 505, HOBOKEN NJ 07030 |
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