Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec (WAR:KPI) Beneish M-Score: -1.21 (As of Jun. 26, 2026)


WAR:KPI Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec SA WAR:KPI
90 GF Score
Price zł2.06
GF Value zł2.55
Valuation Modestly Undervalued
! 7 Warning Signs
View Full Analysis

What is Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Beneish M-Score?

Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec WAR:KPI +1.98% 90 Beneish M-Score is -1.21 as of Jun. 26, 2026. GuruFocus rates WAR:KPI with a GF Score™ of 90/100 and a GF Value™ of zł2.55 (Modestly Undervalued). The stock has 7 warning signs investors should review. Among 483 Credit Services companies, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec ranks worse than 74.12% on this metric.

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Warning Sign:

Beneish M-Score -1.21 higher than -1.78, which implies that the company might have manipulated its financial results.

The historical rank and industry rank for Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

WAR:KPI' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -7.62   Med: -1.75   Max: 7.68
Current: -1.21

During the past 12 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec was 7.68. The lowest was -7.62. And the median was -1.75.


Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Beneish M-Score Historical Data

* Premium members only.

The historical data trend for Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Beneish M-Score Chart

Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Annual Data
Trend Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24 Dec25
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.74 -0.85 -2.16 -2.26 -1.07

Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Quarterly Data
Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24 Mar25 Jun25 Sep25 Dec25 Mar26
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.15 -1.54 -1.23 -1.07 -1.21

WAR:KPI vs V, MA, AXP: Beneish M-Score Comparison

For the Credit Services subindustry, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Beneish M-Score vs Credit Services Industry

For the Credit Services industry and Financial Services sector, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's Beneish M-Score falls into.


WAR:KPI
90GF Score
Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec SA WAR:KPI
Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Score™, valuation, warning signs, and more.
View Full Analysis

Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.3661+0.528 * 0.9921+0.404 * 1.5302+0.892 * 1.194+0.115 * 1.3702
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 2.0008+4.679 * 0.148521-0.327 * 1.0448
=-1.21

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Mar26) TTM:Last Year (Mar25) TTM:
Total Receivables was zł31.07 Mil.
Revenue was 4.437 + 4.345 + 4.479 + 3.795 = zł17.06 Mil.
Gross Profit was 2.475 + 1.949 + 2.376 + 1.698 = zł8.50 Mil.
Total Current Assets was zł34.66 Mil.
Total Assets was zł62.22 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was zł4.07 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was zł0.23 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was zł0.86 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was zł20.78 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was zł29.18 Mil.
Net Income was 0.812 + 0.823 + 0.717 + 0.103 = zł2.46 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = zł0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 0.41 + -0.545 + -1.877 + -4.774 = zł-6.79 Mil.
Total Receivables was zł19.05 Mil.
Revenue was 3.747 + 3.675 + 3.314 + 3.549 = zł14.29 Mil.
Gross Profit was 2.04 + 1.9 + 1.471 + 1.65 = zł7.06 Mil.
Total Current Assets was zł28.73 Mil.
Total Assets was zł42.41 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was zł3.22 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was zł0.25 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was zł0.36 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was zł14.53 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was zł18.06 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(31.069 / 17.056) / (19.048 / 14.285)
=1.821588 / 1.333427
=1.3661

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(7.061 / 14.285) / (8.498 / 17.056)
=0.494295 / 0.498241
=0.9921

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (34.661 + 4.066) / 62.22) / (1 - (28.728 + 3.215) / 42.407)
=0.37758 / 0.246752
=1.5302

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=17.056 / 14.285
=1.194

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0.25 / (0.25 + 3.215)) / (0.226 / (0.226 + 4.066))
=0.07215 / 0.052656
=1.3702

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0.86 / 17.056) / (0.36 / 14.285)
=0.050422 / 0.025201
=2.0008

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((29.181 + 20.784) / 62.22) / ((18.06 + 14.533) / 42.407)
=0.803038 / 0.768576
=1.0448

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(2.455 - 0 - -6.786) / 62.22
=0.148521

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec has a M-score of -1.21 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Frequently Asked Questions Learn more about Beneish M-Score →
What does a Beneish M-Score of -1.21 mean?
Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec (WAR:KPI) has a Beneish M-Score of -1.21 as of Jun. 26, 2026. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec ranks #358 out of 483 companies in the Credit Services industry, placing it in the top 74.1%.
Is Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's Beneish M-Score too high?
Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's current Beneish M-Score is -1.21. Based on the distribution chart, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec ranks #358 out of 483 companies in the Credit Services industry, which is below the industry midpoint. Overall, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec has a GF Score™ of 90/100 and is considered Modestly Undervalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's Beneish M-Score compare to V and MA?
According to the Credit Services industry distribution chart, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec ranks #358 out of 483 companies for Beneish M-Score. This places Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec in the lower half of its industry. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Beneish M-Score for a Credit Services company?
A good Beneish M-Score depends on the Credit Services industry context. However, Beneish M-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Beneish M-Score mean?
A high Beneish M-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec and its competitors. Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's current Beneish M-Score is -1.21. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec (WAR:KPI) is currently considered Modestly Undervalued. The stock's GF Value™ is zł2.55, compared to a current price of zł2.06 — trading 19.2% below its estimated fair value. The current Beneish M-Score is -1.21. Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec's overall GF Score™ is 90/100 with 7 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Beneish M-Score calculated?
Beneish M-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec (WAR:KPI), the current Beneish M-Score is -1.21 as of Jun. 26, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.

Is Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec (WAR:KPI) Overvalued in 2026?

Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec stock appears to be undervalued. The current stock price of zł2.06 is trading 19.2% below its estimated GF Value™ of zł2.55. GuruFocus considers Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec to be Modestly Undervalued.

Key valuation signals for WAR:KPI:

  • Beneish M-Score: -1.21
  • GF Value™: zł2.55 vs. price of zł2.06 (19.2% below fair value)
  • GF Score™: 90/100 with 7 warning signs

No single metric tells the full story. See the WAR:KPI stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.


Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec Business Description

Address Piotrkowska 270, Lodz, POL, 90-361
Kancelaria Prawna - Inkaso Wec SA is engaged in recovering unpaid dues. The company's services include Debt Collection, Mass Recovery, Purchase of Receivables, Exchange of Receivables, Redemption, Prevention, Compensation, Microfactoring, Law Firm and Training Services.
90GF Score

Get the complete analysis for WAR:KPI

Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.

zł2.06
Price
zł2.55
GF Value