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E10 is a concept invented by Prof. Robert Shiller, who uses E10 for his Shiller PE Ratio calculation. E10 is the average of the inflation adjusted earnings of a company over the past 10 years. The similar calculation is applied by GuruFocus to calculate the Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share and the Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio. The Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is the average of the inflation adjusted Book Value per Share of a company over the past 10 years.
Courage Investment Group's adjusted book value per share data for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2024 was S$0.072. Add all the adjusted book value per share for the past 10 years together and divide the count will get our Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share, which is S$0.15 for the trailing ten years ended in Dec. 2024.
During the past 3 years, the average Cyclically Adjusted Book Growth Rate was -14.40% per year.
During the past 5 years, the average Cyclically Adjusted Book Growth Rate was -15.30% per year.
During the past 10 years, the average Cyclically Adjusted Book Growth Rate was -14.00% per year.
Please click Growth Rate Calculation Example (GuruFocus) to see how GuruFocus calculates Wal-Mart Stores Inc (WMT)'s revenue growth rate. You can apply the same method to get the Cyclically Adjusted Book Growth Rate using Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share data.
During the past 13 years, the highest 3-Year average Cyclically Adjusted Book Growth Rate of Courage Investment Group was -0.90% per year. The lowest was -16.60% per year. And the median was -14.30% per year.
Courage Investment Group (SGX:CIN) Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share Explanation
If a company grows much fast than inflation, Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share may underestimate the company's equity. Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio can seem to be too high even the actual PB Ratio is low.
For the Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio, the book value of the past 10 years are inflation-adjusted and averaged. The result is used for P/B calculation. Since it looks at the average over the last 10 years, the Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio is also called CAPB Ratio.
The Shiller PE Ratio was first used by professor Robert Shiller. He uses E10 for his Shiller PE Ratio calculation. E10 is the average of the inflation adjusted earnings per share of a company over the past 10 years. The similar calculation is applied by GuruFocus to calculate the Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio. The Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is the average of the inflation adjusted book value per share of a company over the past 10 years.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
During the past 13 years, the highestCyclically Adjusted PB Ratio of Courage Investment Group was 1.04. The lowest was 0.08. And the median was 0.22.
Be Aware
Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio works better for cyclical companies. It gives you a better idea on the company's real book value.
Courage Investment Group Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share Related Terms
Courage Investment Group Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Courage Investment Group's Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Courage Investment Group Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share Chart
Courage Investment Group Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share Competitor Comparison
For the Marine Shipping subindustry, Courage Investment Group's Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio, along with its competitors' market caps and Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Courage Investment Group Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio vs Transportation Industry
For the Transportation industry and Industrials sector, Courage Investment Group's Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Courage Investment Group's Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio falls into.
Courage Investment Group Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share Calculation
E10 is a concept invented by Prof. Robert Shiller, who uses E10 for his Shiller PE Ratio calculation. E10 is the average of the inflation adjusted earnings of a company over the past 10 years. The similar calculation is applied by GuruFocus to calculate the Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share and the Cyclically Adjusted PB Ratio. The Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is the average of the inflation adjusted Book Value per Share of a company over the past 10 years.
What is Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share? How do we calculate Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share?
Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is the average of the inflation adjusted Book Value per Share of a company over the past 10 years. Let's use an example to explain.
If we want to calculate the Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share of Wal-Mart (WMT) for Dec. 31, 2010, we need to have the inflation data and the book value per share from 2001 through 2010.
We adjusted the 2001 book value per share data with the total inflation from 2001 through 2010 to the equivalent book value in 2010. If the total inflation from 2001 to 2010 is 40%, and Wal-Mart's book value is $1 a share in 2001, then the 2001's equivalent book value in 2010 is $1.4 a share. If Wal-Mart's book value is $1 again in 2002, and the total inflation from 2002 through 2010 is 35%, then the equivalent 2002 book value in 2010 is $1.35. So on and so forth, you get the equivalent book value per share of past 10 years. Then you add them together and divided the sum by the count to get Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share.
Please note that we use the CPI data of the country/region where the company is headquartered. If the CPI data for that country/region is not available, then we will use the CPI data of the United States as default.
What does a Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share of S$0.15 mean?
Courage Investment Group (SGX:CIN) has a Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share of S$0.15 as of Jun. 2025. Cyclically adjusted book value per share represents the company's inflation-adjusted book value per share over a 10-year period. View historical data on Courage Investment Group and its competitors.
Is Courage Investment Group's Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share too high?
Courage Investment Group's current Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is S$0.15. Overall, Courage Investment Group has a GF Score™ of 39/100 and is considered Significantly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Courage Investment Group's Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share compare to competitors?
Courage Investment Group's Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share of S$0.15 can be compared against companies in the Transportation industry. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share for a Transportation company?
A good Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share depends on the Transportation industry context. However, Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share mean?
A high Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. Cyclically adjusted book value per share represents the company's inflation-adjusted book value per share over a 10-year period. View historical data on Courage Investment Group and its competitors. Courage Investment Group's current Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is S$0.15. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Courage Investment Group stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Courage Investment Group (SGX:CIN) is currently considered Significantly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is S$0.01, compared to a current price of S$0.02 — trading 60% above its estimated fair value. The current Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is S$0.15. Courage Investment Group's overall GF Score™ is 39/100 with 2 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share calculated?
Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Courage Investment Group (SGX:CIN), the current Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is S$0.15 as of Jun. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Courage Investment Group (SGX:CIN) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Courage Investment Group stock appears to be overvalued.
The current stock price of S$0.02 is trading 60% above its estimated GF Value™ of S$0.01.
GuruFocus considers Courage Investment Group to be Significantly Overvalued.
Key valuation signals for SGX:CIN:
Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share: S$0.15
GF Value™: S$0.01 vs. price of S$0.02 (60% above fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the SGX:CIN stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Courage Investment Group Ltd is an investment holding company. The company's reportable segments include Marine transportation, Merchandise trading, Property holding and investment, and Investment holding. It generates maximum revenue from the Marine transportation segment, which comprises mainly the vessel chartering business. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from Hong Kong.
39GF Score
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Cyclically Adjusted Book per Share is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.
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