Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
As of today (2024-06-21), the stock price of Allergan is €225.94. Allergan's graham number for the quarter that ended in Dec. 2014 was €28.99. Therefore, Allergan's Price to Graham Number ratio for today is 7.79.
The historical rank and industry rank for Allergan's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:AG4's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Drug Manufacturers industry.
Industry Median: 1.58 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Allergan Graham Number Historical Data
The historical data trend for Allergan's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Competitive Comparison of Allergan's Graham Number
For the Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Generic subindustry, Allergan's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Allergan's Price-to-Graham-Number Distribution in the Drug Manufacturers Industry
For the Drug Manufacturers industry and Healthcare sector, Allergan's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Allergan's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
Allergan Graham Number Calculation
Graham Number is a concept based on Ben Graham's conservative valuation of companies.
Allergan's Graham Number for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2014 is calculated as
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Allergan (FRA:AG4) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Allergan's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Dec. 2014 )
=
225.94
/
28.99
=
7.79
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Allergan Graham Number Related Terms
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Allergan's Graham Number provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Allergan Inc incorporated in Delaware in 1977. It is a multi-specialty health care company. The Company is engaged in the developing and commercializing pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices and over-the-counter products that enable people to live life to its full potential - to see more clearly, move more freely and express themselves more fully. It offers products for the ophthalmic, neurological, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology, breast aesthetics, urological and other specialty markets in more than 100 countries around the world. It is also engaged in specialty pharmaceutical, biologic and medical device research and development. The Company's business segments are specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The specialty pharmaceuticals segment produces pharmaceutical products, including: ophthalmic products for dry eye, glaucoma, inflammation, infection, allergy and retinal disease; Botox for certain therapeutic and aesthetic indications; skin care products for acne, psoriasis, eyelash growth and other prescription and over-the-counter skin care products; and urologics products. The medical devices segment produces medical devices, including: breast implants for augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery and tissue expanders; and facial aesthetics products. The Company sells its products directly through its own sales subsidiaries in approximately 40 countries and, supplemented by independent distributors, in over 100 countries. Its products are sold to drug wholesalers, independent and chain drug stores, pharmacies, commercial optical chains, opticians, mass merchandisers, food stores, hospitals, group purchasing organizations, integrated direct hospital networks, ambulatory surgery centers, government purchasing agencies and medical practitioners. The Company also utilize distributors for its products in smaller international markets. The Company's competitors include Akorn, Inc., Alcon Laboratories, Inc./Novartis AG, Abbott Laboratories, Alimera Sciences, Inc., Bausch & Lomb, Inc., a division of Valeant, Genentech/Hoffmann La Roche AG, Merck & Co., Pfizer Inc., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Santen Seiyaku. Mentor and Sientra, Inc., or Sientra, a partner of Silimed, LifeCell Corporation, CR Bard Inc. The Company's operations are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations, including the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act, the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act, the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and other current and potential future federal, state or local regulations.
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