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What is Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings Graham Number?
Tokai Tokyo Financial HoldingsFRA:TO91 +0.95%73 Graham Number is €5.42 as of Mar. 2026, which is 100% below its 10-year median of 0.77. GuruFocus rates FRA:TO91 with a GF Score™ of 73/100 and a GF Value™ of €3.36 (Modestly Overvalued). The stock has 5 warning signs investors should review. Among 526 Capital Markets companies, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings ranks better than 64.26% on this metric.
Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:TO91'
s Price-to-Graham-Number Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 0.56 Med: 0.77 Max: 3.36
Current: 0.83
During the past 13 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings was 3.36. The lowest was 0.56. And the median was 0.77.
FRA:TO91's Price-to-Graham-Number is ranked better than 64.26% of 526
companies
in the Capital Markets industry
Industry Median: 1.125
vs FRA:TO91: 0.83
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings (FRA:TO91) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Mar. 2026 )
=
4.26
/
5.42
=
0.79
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings Graham Number Related Terms
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings Graham Number Chart
FRA:TO91 vs MS, GS, SCHW: Graham Number Comparison
For the Capital Markets subindustry, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings Price-to-Graham-Number vs Capital Markets Industry
For the Capital Markets industry and Financial Services sector, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings (FRA:TO91) has a Graham Number of €5.42 as of Mar. 2026. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings and its competitors. This is 604% above median its historical median of 0.77. Over the past decade, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings' Graham Number has ranged from 0.56 to 3.36. According to the industry distribution chart, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings ranks #188 out of 526 companies in the Capital Markets industry, placing it in the top 35.7%.
Is Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings' Graham Number too high?
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings' current Graham Number of €5.42 is 604% above median its 10-year median of 0.77. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 0.56 to a high of 3.36. Based on the distribution chart, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings ranks #188 out of 526 companies in the Capital Markets industry, which is above the industry midpoint. Overall, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings has a GF Score™ of 73/100 and is considered Modestly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings' Graham Number compare to MS and GS?
According to the Capital Markets industry distribution chart, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings ranks #188 out of 526 companies for Graham Number. This puts Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings in the upper half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.13. Historically, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings' own Graham Number has ranged from 0.56 to 3.36 over the past decade. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Capital Markets company?
The median Graham Number among Capital Markets companies is 1.13, based on 526 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings and its competitors. For the Capital Markets industry, the median Graham Number is 1.13 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings's current Graham Number is €5.42, which is 604% above median its own 10-year median of 0.77. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings (FRA:TO91) is currently considered Modestly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is €3.36, compared to a current price of €4.26 — trading 26.8% above its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is €5.42, which is 604% above median its 10-year median of 0.77. Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings' overall GF Score™ is 73/100 with 5 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings (FRA:TO91), the current Graham Number is €5.42 as of Mar. 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings (FRA:TO91) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings stock appears to be overvalued.
The current stock price of €4.26 is trading 26.8% above its estimated GF Value™ of €3.36.
GuruFocus considers Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings to be Modestly Overvalued.
Key valuation signals for FRA:TO91:
Graham Number: €5.42 (604% above median its 10-year median of 0.77)
GF Value™: €3.36 vs. price of €4.26 (26.8% above fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:TO91 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings Business Description
Tokai Tokyo Financial Holdings Inc. is the holding company of the Tokai Tokyo Financial Group. It operates and manages the group's companies. Tokai Tokyo Financial Group consists primarily of companies in Japan, but a few are in overseas markets. Tokyo Securities is the operating nucleus of the group and manages financial instruments businesses, fund management, back-office services, and research. For the overall group, operations are divided into trading activities and commissions. Tokai's commissions are gained through brokerage services and underwriting and distribution.
73GF Score
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