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Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 13 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd was 1.38. The lowest was 1.38. And the median was 1.38.
XKLS:7078's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Construction industry.
Industry Median: 1.01 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd (XKLS:7078) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Mar. 2026 )
=
0.12
/
N/A
=
N/A
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd Graham Number Related Terms
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
XKLS:7078 vs PWR, FIX, EME: Graham Number Comparison
For the Engineering & Construction subindustry, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd Price-to-Graham-Number vs Construction Industry
For the Construction industry and Industrials sector, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd (XKLS:7078) has a Graham Number of RMN/A as of Mar. 2026. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd and its competitors. Over the past decade, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Graham Number has ranged from 1.38 to 1.38. According to the industry distribution chart, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd ranks #999999 out of 1194 companies in the Construction industry.
Is Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Graham Number too high?
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's current Graham Number is RMN/A. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 1.38 to a high of 1.38. Based on the distribution chart, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd ranks #999999 out of 1194 companies in the Construction industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd has a GF Score™ of 16/100 and is considered Possible Value Trap, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's Graham Number compare to PWR and FIX?
According to the Construction industry distribution chart, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd ranks #999999 out of 1194 companies for Graham Number. This places Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.01. Historically, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's own Graham Number has ranged from 1.38 to 1.38 over the past decade. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Construction company?
The median Graham Number among Construction companies is 1.01, based on 1,194 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd and its competitors. For the Construction industry, the median Graham Number is 1.01 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's current Graham Number is RMN/A. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd (XKLS:7078) is currently considered Possible Value Trap. The stock's GF Value™ is RM0.36, compared to a current price of RM0.12 — trading 66.7% below its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is RMN/A. Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd's overall GF Score™ is 16/100 with 5 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd (XKLS:7078), the current Graham Number is RMN/A as of Mar. 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd (XKLS:7078) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd stock appears to be undervalued.
The current stock price of RM0.12 is trading 66.7% below its estimated GF Value™ of RM0.36.
GuruFocus considers Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd to be Possible Value Trap.
Key valuation signals for XKLS:7078:
Graham Number: RMN/A
GF Value™: RM0.36 vs. price of RM0.12 (66.7% below fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the XKLS:7078 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Ahmad Zaki Resources Bhd is principally engaged in investment holding, providing management services and as contractor of civil and structural works. Its segments include Engineering and Construction provides civil and structural works; Concession engages in concession and assets managements; Oil and Gas engages in dealing in marine fuels, lubricants, petroleum based products and logistics management and vessel related services; Plantation engages in production of crude palm oil and kernel; and Property engages in property development, hotel operation and facilities management. It derives majority of revenue from Engineering and Construction segment. Geographically, it operates in Malaysia, Republic of Indonesia, India, and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
16GF Score
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