Bunge Global Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Bunge Global's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
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Bunge Global Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec14 |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-1.16 |
-2.21 |
-1.21 |
-0.78 |
-2.97 |
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Bunge Global Quarterly Data
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Mar19 |
Jun19 |
Sep19 |
Dec19 |
Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-0.78 |
-1.76 |
-2.01 |
-2.49 |
-2.97 |
Competitive Comparison
For the Farm Products subindustry, Bunge Global's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Bunge Global Beneish M-Score Distribution
For the Consumer Packaged Goods industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Bunge Global's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Bunge Global's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Bunge Global Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Bunge Global for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.036 | + | 0.528 * 0.673 | + | 0.404 * 1.0827 | + | 0.892 * 0.8856 | + | 0.115 * 1.0604 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.4146 | + | 4.679 * -0.053366 | - | 0.327 * 0.8912 |
| = | -2.97 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $3,024 Mil.
Revenue was 14936 + 14227 + 15049 + 15328 = $59,540 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1254 + 1045 + 1365 + 1181 = $4,845 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $16,350 Mil.
Total Assets was $25,372 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $5,467 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $451 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $1,715 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $7,687 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $4,646 Mil.
Net Income was 616 + 373 + 622 + 632 = $2,243 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 235 + 0 + -29 + 83 = $289 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 1448 + 1388 + -459 + 931 = $3,308 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $3,296 Mil.
Revenue was 16660 + 16759 + 17933 + 15880 = $67,232 Mil.
Gross Profit was 818 + 888 + 772 + 1204 = $3,682 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $16,758 Mil.
Total Assets was $24,580 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $4,641 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $408 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $1,369 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $9,600 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $3,806 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (3024 / 59540) | / | (3296 / 67232) |
| = | 0.050789 | / | 0.049024 |
| | = | 1.036 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (3682 / 67232) | / | (4845 / 59540) |
| = | 0.054766 | / | 0.081374 |
| | = | 0.673 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (16350 + 5467) / 25372) | / | (1 - (16758 + 4641) / 24580) |
| = | 0.140115 | / | 0.129414 |
| | = | 1.0827 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 59540 | / | 67232 |
| | = | 0.8856 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (408 / (408 + 4641)) | / | (451 / (451 + 5467)) |
| = | 0.080808 | / | 0.076208 |
| | = | 1.0604 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (1715 / 59540) | / | (1369 / 67232) |
| = | 0.028804 | / | 0.020362 |
| | = | 1.4146 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((4646 + 7687) / 25372) | / | ((3806 + 9600) / 24580) |
| = | 0.486087 | / | 0.545403 |
| | = | 0.8912 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (2243 - 289 | - | 3308) | / | 25372 |
| | = | -0.053366 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Bunge Global has a M-score of -2.97 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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