Credito Emiliano (FRA:EAO) Beneish M-Score: -2.34 (As of Jun. 28, 2026)


FRA:EAO Credito Emiliano FRA:EAO
65 GF Score
Price €16.63
GF Value €9.88
Valuation Significantly Overvalued
! 7 Warning Signs
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What is Credito Emiliano Beneish M-Score?

Credito Emiliano FRA:EAO -1.54% 65 Beneish M-Score is -2.34 as of Jun. 28, 2026. GuruFocus rates FRA:EAO with a GF Score™ of 65/100 and a GF Value™ of €9.88 (Significantly Overvalued). The stock has 7 warning signs investors should review. Among 1,399 Banks companies, Credito Emiliano ranks worse than 60.47% on this metric.

Note: Financial institutions were excluded from the sample in Beneish paper when calculating Beneish M-Score. Thus, the prediction might not fit banks and insurance companies.

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.34 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Credito Emiliano's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

FRA:EAO' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.76   Med: -2.42   Max: -2.25
Current: -2.34

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Credito Emiliano was -2.25. The lowest was -2.76. And the median was -2.42.

FRA:EAO
65GF Score
Credito Emiliano FRA:EAO
Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Score™, valuation, warning signs, and more.
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Credito Emiliano Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Credito Emiliano for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1+0.528 * 1+0.404 * 1+0.892 * 0.944+0.115 * 0.9813
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.1516+4.679 * 0.0462-0.327 * 1.008
=-2.34

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec25) TTM:Last Year (Dec24) TTM:
Total Receivables was €0 Mil.
Revenue was €2,075 Mil.
Gross Profit was €2,075 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €0 Mil.
Total Assets was €68,126 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €443 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €116 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €287 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €5,187 Mil.
Net Income was €621 Mil.
Gross Profit was €0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was €-2,526 Mil.
 Total Receivables was €0 Mil.
Revenue was €2,199 Mil.
Gross Profit was €2,199 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €0 Mil.
Total Assets was €67,969 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €439 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €112 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €264 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €5,134 Mil.

1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(0 / 2075.494) / (0 / 2198.608)
=0 / 0
=1

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(2198.608 / 2198.608) / (2075.494 / 2075.494)
=1 / 1
=1

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (0 + 442.533) / 68125.998) / (1 - (0 + 438.764) / 67968.525)
=0.993504 / 0.993545
=1

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=2075.494 / 2198.608
=0.944

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(112.012 / (112.012 + 438.764)) / (115.697 / (115.697 + 442.533))
=0.203371 / 0.207257
=0.9813

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(286.607 / 2075.494) / (263.651 / 2198.608)
=0.138091 / 0.119917
=1.1516

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((5186.797 + 0) / 68125.998) / ((5133.894 + 0) / 67968.525)
=0.076135 / 0.075533
=1.008

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(621.466 - 0 - -2525.95) / 68125.998
=0.0462

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Credito Emiliano has a M-score of -2.34 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

Frequently Asked Questions Learn more about Beneish M-Score →
What does a Beneish M-Score of -2.34 mean?
Credito Emiliano (FRA:EAO) has a Beneish M-Score of -2.34 as of Jun. 28, 2026. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Credito Emiliano and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Credito Emiliano ranks #846 out of 1399 companies in the Banks industry, placing it in the top 60.5%.
Is Credito Emiliano's Beneish M-Score too high?
Credito Emiliano's current Beneish M-Score is -2.34. Based on the distribution chart, Credito Emiliano ranks #846 out of 1399 companies in the Banks industry, which is below the industry midpoint. Overall, Credito Emiliano has a GF Score™ of 65/100 and is considered Significantly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Credito Emiliano's Beneish M-Score compare to competitors?
According to the Banks industry distribution chart, Credito Emiliano ranks #846 out of 1399 companies for Beneish M-Score. This places Credito Emiliano in the lower half of its industry. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Beneish M-Score for a Banks company?
A good Beneish M-Score depends on the Banks industry context. However, Beneish M-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Beneish M-Score mean?
A high Beneish M-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Credito Emiliano and its competitors. Credito Emiliano's current Beneish M-Score is -2.34. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Credito Emiliano stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Credito Emiliano (FRA:EAO) is currently considered Significantly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is €9.88, compared to a current price of €16.63 — trading 68.3% above its estimated fair value. The current Beneish M-Score is -2.34. Credito Emiliano's overall GF Score™ is 65/100 with 7 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Beneish M-Score calculated?
Beneish M-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Credito Emiliano (FRA:EAO), the current Beneish M-Score is -2.34 as of Jun. 28, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.

Is Credito Emiliano (FRA:EAO) Overvalued in 2026?

Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Credito Emiliano stock appears to be overvalued. The current stock price of €16.63 is trading 68.3% above its estimated GF Value™ of €9.88. GuruFocus considers Credito Emiliano to be Significantly Overvalued.

Key valuation signals for FRA:EAO:

  • Beneish M-Score: -2.34
  • GF Value™: €9.88 vs. price of €16.63 (68.3% above fair value)
  • GF Score™: 65/100 with 7 warning signs

No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:EAO stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.

Credito Emiliano Business Description

Other Exchanges CE:Italy0K93:UK
Address Via Emilia San Pietro No. 4, Reggio Emilia, ITA, 42100
Credito Emiliano is a banking group that consists of several financial services companies. The group operates in multiple regions throughout Italy, particularly in the north and central portions of the country. Its activities principally include commercial banking, including retail services and small and medium enterprise banking, asset management, bancassurance as well as Trading services, and treasury. The group's distribution network targeting retail and corporate banking customers includes branches, business centers, and financial outlets. It has two operating segments, Banking and Wealth Management. Banking segment involves Commercial Banking, Private Banking, Non-banking, Consumer Credit and Other/Technology. Wealth Management segment involves Asset Management and Insurance.
65GF Score

Get the complete analysis for FRA:EAO

Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.

€16.63
Price
€9.88
GF Value