Protective Life (FRA:PV7) Owner Earnings per Share (TTM) : 0.00 (As of Sep. 2014)

Protective Life Owner Earnings per Share (TTM) Chart

Protective Life Annual Data
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Owner Earnings per Share (TTM)		Get a 7-Day Free Trial					-	-	-	-	-

Protective Life Quarterly Data
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Owner Earnings per Share (TTM)	Get a 7-Day Free Trial															-	-	-	-	-

Competitive Comparison of Protective Life's Owner Earnings per Share (TTM)

For the Insurance - Life subindustry, Protective Life's Price-to-Owner-Earnings, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Owner-Earnings data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.

Protective Life's Price-to-Owner-Earnings Distribution in the Insurance Industry

For the Insurance industry and Financial Services sector, Protective Life's Price-to-Owner-Earnings distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Protective Life's Price-to-Owner-Earnings falls into.

Protective Life Owner Earnings per Share (TTM) Calculation

In 1986 Berkshire Hathaway Shareholder Letter, Warren Buffett defined owner earnings as follows:

"These represent (a) reported earnings plus (b) depreciation, depletion, amortization, and certain other non-cash charges...less (c) the average annual amount of capitalized expenditures for plant and equipment, etc. that the business requires to fully maintain its long-term competitive position and its unit volume. (If the business requires additional working capital to maintain its competitive position and unit volume, the increment also should be included in (c))...Our owner-earnings equation does not yield the deceptively precise figures provided by GAAP, since (c) must be a guess - and one sometimes very difficult to make. Despite this problem, we consider the owner earnings figure, not the GAAP figure, to be the relevant item for valuation purposes - both for investors in buying stocks and for managers in buying entire businesses...All of this points up the absurdity of the 'cash flow' numbers that are often set forth in Wall Street reports. These numbers routinely include (a) plus (b) - but do not subtract (c)."

To make it simple, then you will have:

Owner Earnings per Share (TTM) = (Net Income + Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization + Change In Deferred Tax - 5Y Average of Maintenance Capital Expenditure + Change In Working Capital) / Shares Outstanding (Diluted Average)

Protective Life's Owner Earnings per Share (TTM) Calculation:

1. Start with "Net Income" from income statement. Protective Life's Net Income for the trailing twelve months (TTM) ended in Sep. 2014 was €319 Mil.

2. "Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization" is from cashflow statement. Protective Life's Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization for the trailing twelve months (TTM) ended in Sep. 2014 was €4 Mil. This needs to be added back because company does not actually need to pay cash for it. It is a non-cash item.

3. Other non-cash charges usually include "Stock Based Compensation" and "Change In Deferred Tax":
However, to be conservative, GuruFocus will not add Stock Based Compensation back to net income. Protective Life's Change In Deferred Tax for the trailing twelve months (TTM) ended in Sep. 2014 was €23 Mil.

4. Average maintenance capital expenditure over a business/industry cycle: 5-Year Average Maintenance Capital Expenditure = €7 Mil

It is usually best to take a long-term average of maintenance capital expenditure. Ideally this would be as long as 10 years and include at least one economic downturn. However, since many companies do not have as long as 10-year history, here GuruFocus uses the latest 5 years data to do the calculation. To smooth out unusual years but reflect recent developments, we take an average of the 5 year maintenance capital expenditure.

The following shows how to get maintenance capital expenditure.

First, calculate the revenue change regarding to the previous quarter. If the revenue decreased from the previous quarter, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive).
Second, if the revenue increased from the previous quarter, then calculate the percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue.
Growth Capital Expenditure = Percentage of Property, Plant and Equipment as of corresponding Revenue * Revenue Increase
Third, calculate Capital Expenditure (positive) - Growth Capital Expenditure.
If [Capital Expenditure (positive) - Growth Capital Expenditure] was negative, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive).
If [Capital Expenditure (positive) - Growth Capital Expenditure] was positive, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive) - Growth Capital Expenditure.
Fourth, get the average of the 5 years maintenance capital expenditure.

Protective Life's 5-Year Average Maintenance Capital Expenditure = €7 Mil

5. "Change In Working Capital" is from cashflow statement. Protective Life's Change In Working Capital for the trailing twelve months (TTM) ended in Sep. 2014 was €86 Mil.
Note: GuruFocus' Change in Working Capital is provided by Morningstar. It is calculated by adding the items under "Change in operating assets and liabilities" (may refer to a different name for different company) section in Cash Flow Statement from original financial report. And sometimes it includes non-current parts of assets and liabilities.

6. Protective Life's Shares Outstanding (Diluted Average) for the months ended in Sep. 2014 was 81.459 Mil.

Protective Life's Onwer Earnings Per Share for Sep. 2014 is calculated as:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

Be Aware

Assumption: Companies usually do not report maintenance capital expenditures and growth capital expenditures separately. Here we use estimated numbers and average them over 5 years. The method to estimate maintenance capital expenditures can be found in above part 4.

Note: GuruFocus' Change In Working Capital is provided by Morningstar. It is calculated by adding the items under "Change in operating assets and liabilities" (may refer to a different name for different company) section in Cash Flow Statement from original financial report. And it includes non-current parts of assets and liabilities.

Protective Life Owner Earnings per Share (TTM) Related Terms

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Protective Life (FRA:PV7) Business Description