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KWR (Quaker Houghton) Earnings Power Value (EPV) : $103.10 (As of Sep24)


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What is Quaker Houghton Earnings Power Value (EPV)?

As of Sep24, Quaker Houghton's earnings power value is $103.10. *

* GuruFocus does not store EPV value into our database if Average Maintenance CAPEX is 0.

Margin of Safety is -48.13

The basic concept of EPV is that one should value a stock based on the current free cash flow of a company and not on future projections which may, or may not, come true. It is arguably a better way to analyze stocks than Discounted Cash Flow analysis that relies on highly speculative growth assumptions many years into the future. Assumption: Current profitability is sustainable.


Quaker Houghton Earnings Power Value (EPV) Historical Data

The historical data trend for Quaker Houghton's Earnings Power Value (EPV) can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Quaker Houghton Earnings Power Value (EPV) Chart

Quaker Houghton Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Earnings Power Value (EPV)
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 13.91 31.41 45.42 63.64 88.21

Quaker Houghton Quarterly Data
Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24
Earnings Power Value (EPV) Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 81.95 88.21 92.91 97.76 103.10

Competitive Comparison of Quaker Houghton's Earnings Power Value (EPV)

For the Specialty Chemicals subindustry, Quaker Houghton's Earnings Power Value (EPV), along with its competitors' market caps and Earnings Power Value (EPV) data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Quaker Houghton's Earnings Power Value (EPV) Distribution in the Chemicals Industry

For the Chemicals industry and Basic Materials sector, Quaker Houghton's Earnings Power Value (EPV) distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Quaker Houghton's Earnings Power Value (EPV) falls into.



Quaker Houghton Earnings Power Value (EPV) Calculation

Earnings Power Value also known as just Earnings Power is a valuation technique popularised by Bruce Greenwald, an authority on value investing at Columbia University. It is arguably a better way to analyze stocks than Discounted Cash Flow analysis that relies on highly speculative growth assumptions many years into the future.

The basic concept of EPV is that one should value a stock based on the current free cash flow of a company and not on future projections which may, or may not, come true. This valuation tool excludes the potential growth that a company may have so that needs to be looked at separately. Since future growth is excluded from the analysis, only the maintenance capital expenditures are subtracted from after-tax EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes) and growth capex is ignored.

Quaker Houghton's "Earning Power" Calculation:

Average of Last 20 Quarters Last Quarter
Revenue 1,773
DDA 83
Operating Margin % 10.23
SGA * 25% 110
Tax Rate % 21.10
Maintenance Capex 24
Cash and Cash Equivalents 212
Short-Term Debt 39
Long-Term Debt 721
Shares Outstanding (Diluted) 18

1. Start with "Earnings" not including accounting adjustments (one-time charges not excluded unless policy has changed). "Earnings" are "Operating Income.

2. Look at average margins over a business/Industry cycle: Average Operating Margin = 10.23%

To normalize margins and eliminate the effects on profitability of valuing the firm at different points in the business cycle, it is usually best to take a long-term average of operating margins. Ideally this would be as long as 10 years and include at least one economic downturn. However, since most of companies do not have as long as 10-year history, here GuruFocus uses the latest 5 years data to do the calculation. To smooth out unusual years but reflect recent developments, we take an average of the 5 year margin.

3. Multiply average margins by sustainable revenues and then adjust for maintenance SGA. This yields "normalized" EBIT:

To be conservative, GuruFocus uses an average of the 5 year revenues as the sustainable revenue.
EPV analysis recognises that part of SG&A expenditure is made to maintain and replace the existing assets, while part is made to grow sales. Since EPV is only interested in what it costs a going concern to maintain its existing asset base, it adds back a percentage of SG&A (between 15% and 50% - this is a matter of judgment and industry knowledge) to make up for the fact that some of this expenditure went to fund growth and shouldn't be accounted for. To start off, we assume 25% for the sake of prudence.
Sustainable Revenue = $1,773 Mil, Average Operating Margin = 10.23%, Average Adjusted SGA = 110,
therefore "Normalized" EBIT = Sustainable Revenue * Average Operating Margin + Average Adjusted SGA = 1,773 * 10.23% +110 = $291.275860539 Mil.

4. Multiply by one minus Average Tax Rate (NOPAT):

Same as average operating margin calculation, GuruFocus takes an average of the 5 years tax rates.
Average Tax Rate = 21.10%, and "Normalized" EBIT = $291.275860539 Mil,
therefore After-tax "Normalized" EBIT = "Normalized" EBIT * ( 1 - Average Tax Rate ) = 291.275860539 * ( 1 - 21.10% ) = $229.82539224109 Mil.

5. Add back Excess Depreciation (after tax at 1/2 average tax rate). This yields "normalized" Earnings:

Excess Depreciation = Average DDA * % of Excess Depreciation (after tax at 1/2 average tax rate) = 83 * 0.5 * 21.10% = $8.785550292 Mil.
"Normalized" Earnings = After-tax "Normalized" EBIT + Excess Depreciation = 229.82539224109 + 8.785550292 = $238.61094253309 Mil.

6. Adjusted for Maintenance Capital Expenditure:

First, calculate the revenue change regarding to the previous year. If the revenue decreased from the previous year, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive).
Second, if the revenue increased from the previous year, then calculate the percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue.
Third, calculate Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase.
If [Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase] was negative, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive).
If [Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase] was positive, then the Maintenance Capital Expenditure = Capital Expenditure (positive) - percentage of Net PPE as of corresponding Revenue * revenue increase.
Fourth, GuruFocus uses an average of the 5 year maintenance capital expenditures as maintenance CAPEX.
Quaker Houghton's Average Maintenance CAPEX = $24 Mil *.
* GuruFocus does not store EPV value into our database if Average Maintenance CAPEX is 0.

7. Investors require a return of "WACC" for the risk they are taking: WACC = 9%

8. Quaker Houghton's current cash and cash equivalent = $212 Mil.
Quaker Houghton's current interest bearing debt = Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation + Short-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation = 721 + 39 = $760.045 Mil.
Quaker Houghton's current Shares Outstanding (Diluted Average) = 18 Mil.

Quaker Houghton's Earnings Power Value (EPV) for Sep24 is calculated as:

EPV = ( ( Norm. Earnings-Maint. CAPEX *) / WACC + CashandEquiv - Int. Bearing Debt ) / Shares Outstanding (Diluted Average)
= ( ( 238.61094253309 - 24)/ 9%+212-760.045 )/18
=103.10

Margin of Safety (EPV)=( Earnings Power Value (EPV)-Current Price )/Earnings Power Value (EPV)
=( 103.1025479755-152.73 )/103.1025479755
= -48.13%

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* GuruFocus does not store EPV value into our database if Average Maintenance CAPEX is 0.


Quaker Houghton  (NYSE:KWR) Earnings Power Value (EPV) Explanation

Assumption: Current profitability is sustainable.

Earnings power value (EPV) uses a very basic equation which assumes no growth, although it does rely on an assumption about the cost of capital as well as the fact that current earnings are sustainable. It also involves several adjustments to clean up the underlying Earnings figures.


Be Aware

Though using today's earnings in calculating Earnings Power Value, GuruFocus is normalizing these earnings to the business cycle. This eliminates the effects on profitability of valuing the firm at different points in the business cycle. This means that we are considering the average earnings over 5 years.


Quaker Houghton Earnings Power Value (EPV) Related Terms

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Quaker Houghton Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
901 East Hector Street, Conshohocken, PA, USA, 19428-2380
Quaker Houghton manufactures and sells a variety of industrial process fluids. The product portfolio of the company includes metal removal fluids, cleaning fluids, corrosion inhibitors, metal drawing and forming fluids, die-cast mold releases, heat treatment and quenchants, metal forging fluids, hydraulic fluids, specialty greases, offshore sub-sea energy control fluids, rolling lubricants, rod and wire drawing fluids and surface treatment chemicals. The geographic segments of the company include America, EMEA, Asia/Pacific, and Global Specialty Businesses. The majority of the revenue is earned from America.
Executives
David Slinkman officer: SVP - Chief Technology Officer QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, ONE QUAKER PARK, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
Jeewat Bijlani officer: SVP - Managing Director, Ams. QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, ONE QUAKER PARK, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
William H Osborne director 1415 WEST 22ND STREET, SUITE 1100, OAK BROOK IL 60523
Melissa Leneis officer: SVP, CHRO QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
Charlotte C. Decker director QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
Anna Ransley officer: SVP, CDIO QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
Russell Shaller director 6555 WEST GOOD HOPE RD, MILWAUKEE WI 53223
Jeffry D Frisby director C/O QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, ONE QUAKER PARK, 901 HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428
Joseph A Berquist officer: VP & Managing Director - NA QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, ONE QUAKER PARK, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
Robert T Traub officer: SVP, GC & Corp. Sec. QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, ONE QUAKER PARK, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
David Will other: VP, Global Controller & PAO QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380
Michael F Barry officer: VP & CFO & Treasurer ONE QUAKER PARK, 901 HECTOR ST, CONSHOHOCHEN PA 19428
Jeffrey L Fleck officer: SVP, Chief GSCO 1310 SEABOARD INDUSTRIAL BLVD, ATLANTA X1 30318
L Wilbert Platzer officer: VP - WWO
Dieter Laininger officer: Vice President - Global Steel QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, ONE QUAKER PARK, 901 E. HECTOR STREET, CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428-2380