Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Pembury Lifestyle Group's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
JSE:PEM's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Education industry.
Industry Median: 1.41 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Pembury Lifestyle Group Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Competitive Comparison of Pembury Lifestyle Group's Graham Number
For the Education & Training Services subindustry, Pembury Lifestyle Group's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Pembury Lifestyle Group's Price-to-Graham-Number Distribution in the Education Industry
For the Education industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Pembury Lifestyle Group's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Pembury Lifestyle Group's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
Pembury Lifestyle Group Graham Number Calculation
Graham Number is a concept based on Ben Graham's conservative valuation of companies.
Pembury Lifestyle Group's Graham Number for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2018 is calculated as
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Pembury Lifestyle Group (JSE:PEM) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Pembury Lifestyle Group's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Jun. 2019 )
=
0.10
/
N/A
=
N/A
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Pembury Lifestyle Group Graham Number Related Terms
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Pembury Lifestyle Group (JSE:PEM) Business Description
Pembury Lifestyle Group Ltd is a South Africa based group that provides private education through its independent schools, with an intention to own the properties from which the schools operate and operating of retirement lodges. Its reportable segments are: PLG Properties - investment properties; Pembury Schools - developing and managing independent schools; and PLG Retirement Villages - developing and managing retirement villages. The main revenue is generated through the Pembury Schools segment that includes fees from the provision of accessible, affordable, private education and related services.
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