Vitasoy International Holdings Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Vitasoy International Holdings's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Vitasoy International Holdings Beneish M-Score Chart
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Vitasoy International Holdings Annual Data
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Mar15 |
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Mar24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-3.05 |
-2.85 |
-2.37 |
-2.93 |
-3.11 |
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Vitasoy International Holdings Semi-Annual Data
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Sep24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.93 |
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-3.11 |
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Competitive Comparison of Vitasoy International Holdings's Beneish M-Score
For the Packaged Foods subindustry, Vitasoy International Holdings's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Vitasoy International Holdings's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Consumer Packaged Goods Industry
For the Consumer Packaged Goods industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Vitasoy International Holdings's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Vitasoy International Holdings's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Vitasoy International Holdings Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Vitasoy International Holdings for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.9071 | + | 0.528 * 0.9491 | + | 0.404 * 1.1315 | + | 0.892 * 0.9805 | + | 0.115 * 0.9367 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0119 | + | 4.679 * -0.119605 | - | 0.327 * 0.9531 |
| = | -3.11 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Mar24) TTM: | Last Year (Mar23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was HK$873 Mil.
Revenue was HK$6,217 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$3,111 Mil.
Total Current Assets was HK$2,247 Mil.
Total Assets was HK$5,637 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was HK$3,102 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was HK$523 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was HK$2,690 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was HK$2,225 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was HK$198 Mil.
Net Income was HK$116 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was HK$791 Mil.
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Total Receivables was HK$982 Mil.
Revenue was HK$6,341 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$3,012 Mil.
Total Current Assets was HK$2,196 Mil.
Total Assets was HK$5,850 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was HK$3,389 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was HK$530 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was HK$2,711 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was HK$2,472 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was HK$167 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (873.312 / 6217.123) | / | (981.85 / 6340.559) |
| = | 0.140469 | / | 0.154852 |
| | = | 0.9071 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (3011.796 / 6340.559) | / | (3111.437 / 6217.123) |
| = | 0.475005 | / | 0.500463 |
| | = | 0.9491 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (2247.07 + 3101.534) / 5636.695) | / | (1 - (2196.285 + 3388.998) / 5849.519) |
| = | 0.05111 | / | 0.045172 |
| | = | 1.1315 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 6217.123 | / | 6340.559 |
| | = | 0.9805 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (529.613 / (529.613 + 3388.998)) | / | (522.974 / (522.974 + 3101.534)) |
| = | 0.135153 | / | 0.144288 |
| | = | 0.9367 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (2690.19 / 6217.123) | / | (2711.264 / 6340.559) |
| = | 0.432707 | / | 0.427606 |
| | = | 1.0119 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((198 + 2225.376) / 5636.695) | / | ((166.574 + 2471.922) / 5849.519) |
| = | 0.429929 | / | 0.451062 |
| | = | 0.9531 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (116.367 - 0 | - | 790.543) | / | 5636.695 |
| | = | -0.119605 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Vitasoy International Holdings has a M-score of -3.11 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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