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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Warning Sign:
Beneish M-Score -1.71 higher than -1.78, which implies that the company might have manipulated its financial results.
The historical rank and industry rank for PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 10 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk was 20.88. The lowest was -3.30. And the median was -1.09.
The historical data trend for PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk Annual Data | |||||||||||||||||||||
Trend | Dec14 | Dec15 | Dec16 | Dec17 | Dec18 | Dec19 | Dec20 | Dec21 | Dec22 | Dec23 | |||||||||||
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial |
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-2.11 | -3.17 | -2.55 | 3.15 | -1.09 |
PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk Quarterly Data | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dec19 | Mar20 | Jun20 | Sep20 | Dec20 | Mar21 | Jun21 | Sep21 | Dec21 | Mar22 | Jun22 | Sep22 | Dec22 | Mar23 | Jun23 | Sep23 | Dec23 | Mar24 | Jun24 | Sep24 | |
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial |
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-0.63 | -1.09 | 0.13 | -1.40 | -1.71 |
For the Other Industrial Metals & Mining subindustry, PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
For the Metals & Mining industry and Basic Materials sector, PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk's Beneish M-Score falls into.
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
= | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.9198 | + | 0.528 * 1.4864 | + | 0.404 * 1.1037 | + | 0.892 * 1.6009 | + | 0.115 * 1.8258 | |
- | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI | |||||||
- | 0.172 * 0.487 | + | 4.679 * -0.036844 | - | 0.327 * 0.9973 | |||||||
= | -1.71 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
This Year (Sep24) TTM: | Last Year (Sep23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was Rp3,930,895 Mil. Revenue was 8803592.583 + 9024154.526 + 8497469.056 + 8325518.829 = Rp34,650,735 Mil. Gross Profit was 452034.447 + 904635.658 + 522789.488 + 419997.269 = Rp2,299,457 Mil. Total Current Assets was Rp18,239,033 Mil. Total Assets was Rp78,952,424 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was Rp48,782,631 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was Rp30,247 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was Rp398,567 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was Rp13,425,721 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was Rp18,642,439 Mil. Net Income was -836627.404 + 44518.379 + -239179.293 + 48345.456 = Rp-982,943 Mil. Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = Rp0 Mil. Cash Flow from Operations was 1380655.418 + -343119.649 + 526244.701 + 362203.039 = Rp1,925,984 Mil. |
Total Receivables was Rp2,669,453 Mil. Revenue was 9985853.969 + 4571435.832 + 3278968.315 + 3807904.311 = Rp21,644,162 Mil. Gross Profit was 1113082.237 + 218168.609 + 482825.654 + 320856.951 = Rp2,134,933 Mil. Total Current Assets was Rp18,129,637 Mil. Total Assets was Rp72,043,863 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was Rp44,049,927 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was Rp49,910 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was Rp511,168 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was Rp11,653,304 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was Rp17,689,512 Mil. |
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
= | (3930895.107 / 34650734.994) | / | (2669452.867 / 21644162.427) | |
= | 0.113443 | / | 0.123334 | |
= | 0.9198 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
= | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) | |
= | (2134933.451 / 21644162.427) | / | (2299456.862 / 34650734.994) | |
= | 0.098638 | / | 0.066361 | |
= | 1.4864 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | (1 - (18239032.894 + 48782631.246) / 78952424.211) | / | (1 - (18129636.627 + 44049927.35) / 72043863.449) | |
= | 0.151113 | / | 0.136921 | |
= | 1.1037 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
= | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 | |
= | 34650734.994 | / | 21644162.427 | |
= | 1.6009 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
= | (49909.829 / (49909.829 + 44049927.35)) | / | (30246.697 / (30246.697 + 48782631.246)) | |
= | 0.001132 | / | 0.00062 | |
= | 1.8258 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
= | (398567.168 / 34650734.994) | / | (511168.247 / 21644162.427) | |
= | 0.011502 | / | 0.023617 | |
= | 0.487 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | ((18642438.881 + 13425720.757) / 78952424.211) | / | ((17689512.277 + 11653303.966) / 72043863.449) | |
= | 0.406171 | / | 0.407291 | |
= | 0.9973 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
= | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t | |
= | (-982942.862 - 0 | - | 1925983.509) | / | 78952424.211 | |
= | -0.036844 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
PT Merdeka Copper Gold Tbk has a M-score of -1.71 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
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