Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB Beneish M-Score Chart
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Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
Dec24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.66 |
-2.23 |
-2.20 |
-2.76 |
-1.79 |
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Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB Quarterly Data
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Mar20 |
Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
Jun22 |
Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
Jun23 |
Sep23 |
Dec23 |
Mar24 |
Jun24 |
Sep24 |
Dec24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.76 |
-2.59 |
-2.58 |
-2.66 |
-1.79 |
Competitive Comparison of Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB's Beneish M-Score
For the Real Estate Services subindustry, Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Real Estate Industry
For the Real Estate industry and Real Estate sector, Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB's Beneish M-Score falls into.
Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.7407 | + | 0.528 * 0.9896 | + | 0.404 * 1.0049 | + | 0.892 * 1.1789 | + | 0.115 * 1 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 0.9517 | + | 4.679 * 0.001365 | - | 0.327 * 1.0125 |
| = | -1.63 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec24) TTM: | Last Year (Dec23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was MXN594 Mil.
Revenue was 2010.577 + 2007.721 + 1802.836 + 1657.824 = MXN7,479 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1427.718 + 1466.811 + 1334.658 + 1144.536 = MXN5,374 Mil.
Total Current Assets was MXN594 Mil.
Total Assets was MXN115,340 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was MXN260 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was MXN0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was MXN169 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was MXN2,728 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was MXN57,390 Mil.
Net Income was 1632.763 + 284.892 + 611.427 + 554.733 = MXN3,084 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = MXN0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 865.744 + 927.825 + 576.488 + 556.328 = MXN2,926 Mil.
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Total Receivables was MXN290 Mil.
Revenue was 1603.499 + 1535.279 + 1534.643 + 1670.654 = MXN6,344 Mil.
Gross Profit was 1090.511 + 1123.567 + 1149.39 + 1147.607 = MXN4,511 Mil.
Total Current Assets was MXN922 Mil.
Total Assets was MXN94,939 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was MXN243 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was MXN0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was MXN151 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was MXN10,670 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was MXN38,204 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (594.25 / 7478.958) | / | (289.59 / 6344.075) |
| = | 0.079456 | / | 0.045647 |
| | = | 1.7407 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (4511.075 / 6344.075) | / | (5373.723 / 7478.958) |
| = | 0.711069 | / | 0.718512 |
| | = | 0.9896 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (594.25 + 260.103) / 115339.52) | / | (1 - (921.722 + 243.255) / 94939.026) |
| = | 0.992593 | / | 0.987729 |
| | = | 1.0049 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 7478.958 | / | 6344.075 |
| | = | 1.1789 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (0 / (0 + 243.255)) | / | (0 / (0 + 260.103)) |
| = | 0 | / | 0 |
| | = | 1 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (168.885 / 7478.958) | / | (150.517 / 6344.075) |
| = | 0.022581 | / | 0.023726 |
| | = | 0.9517 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((57389.722 + 2728.233) / 115339.52) | / | ((38204.303 + 10670.132) / 94939.026) |
| = | 0.521226 | / | 0.514798 |
| | = | 1.0125 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (3083.815 - 0 | - | 2926.385) | / | 115339.52 |
| | = | 0.001365 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB has a M-score of -1.63 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
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