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Grifal SpA (MIL:GRAL) Beneish M-Score : -3.40 (As of Apr. 07, 2025)


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What is Grifal SpA Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -3.4 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Grifal SpA's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

MIL:GRAL' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.4   Med: -2.53   Max: -2.28
Current: -3.4

During the past 9 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Grifal SpA was -2.28. The lowest was -3.40. And the median was -2.53.


Grifal SpA Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Grifal SpA's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Grifal SpA Beneish M-Score Chart

Grifal SpA Annual Data
Trend Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only -2.83 -2.28 -2.53 -2.40 -3.40

Grifal SpA Semi-Annual Data
Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Jun18 Dec18 Jun19 Dec19 Jun20 Dec20 Jun21 Dec21 Jun22 Dec22 Jun23 Dec23 Jun24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - -2.40 - -3.40 -

Competitive Comparison of Grifal SpA's Beneish M-Score

For the Packaging & Containers subindustry, Grifal SpA's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Grifal SpA's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Packaging & Containers Industry

For the Packaging & Containers industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, Grifal SpA's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Grifal SpA's Beneish M-Score falls into.


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Grifal SpA Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Grifal SpA for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.8113+0.528 * 0.8864+0.404 * 0.8595+0.892 * 1.0205+0.115 * 1.1506
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1+4.679 * -0.138018-0.327 * 1.0655
=-3.40

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was €9.48 Mil.
Revenue was €38.44 Mil.
Gross Profit was €15.80 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €26.19 Mil.
Total Assets was €60.93 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €24.27 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €3.32 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €0.00 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €23.33 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €17.60 Mil.
Net Income was €0.89 Mil.
Gross Profit was €0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was €9.30 Mil.
Total Receivables was €11.45 Mil.
Revenue was €37.67 Mil.
Gross Profit was €13.72 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €22.92 Mil.
Total Assets was €52.42 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €19.01 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €3.06 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €0.00 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €22.24 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €10.81 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(9.481 / 38.441) / (11.451 / 37.668)
=0.246638 / 0.303998
=0.8113

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(13.724 / 37.668) / (15.8 / 38.441)
=0.364341 / 0.411019
=0.8864

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (26.186 + 24.266) / 60.927) / (1 - (22.919 + 19.013) / 52.417)
=0.171927 / 0.200031
=0.8595

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=38.441 / 37.668
=1.0205

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(3.058 / (3.058 + 19.013)) / (3.322 / (3.322 + 24.266))
=0.138553 / 0.120415
=1.1506

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0 / 38.441) / (0 / 37.668)
=0 / 0
=1

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((17.604 + 23.332) / 60.927) / ((10.814 + 22.238) / 52.417)
=0.671886 / 0.630559
=1.0655

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(0.887 - 0 - 9.296) / 60.927
=-0.138018

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Grifal SpA has a M-score of -3.40 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Grifal SpA Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Grifal SpA Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
via XXIV Maggio, Cologno al Serio, Bergamo, ITA, 124055
Grifal SpA provides protective packaging solutions. The company offers packing for custom products, innovative packaging, packaging for e-commerce and presentation packaging.