BXP Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for BXP's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
BXP Beneish M-Score Chart
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BXP Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec15 |
Dec16 |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
Dec24 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.63 |
-2.57 |
-2.58 |
-2.60 |
-2.55 |
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BXP Quarterly Data
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Jun20 |
Sep20 |
Dec20 |
Mar21 |
Jun21 |
Sep21 |
Dec21 |
Mar22 |
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Sep22 |
Dec22 |
Mar23 |
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Dec23 |
Mar24 |
Jun24 |
Sep24 |
Dec24 |
Mar25 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.56 |
-2.55 |
-2.58 |
-2.55 |
-2.55 |
Competitive Comparison of BXP's Beneish M-Score
For the REIT - Office subindustry, BXP's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
BXP's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the REITs Industry
For the REITs industry and Real Estate sector, BXP's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where BXP's Beneish M-Score falls into.
BXP Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of BXP for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.0415 | + | 0.528 * 1.027 | + | 0.404 * 1.0066 | + | 0.892 * 1.0374 | + | 0.115 * 1 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 0.952 | + | 4.679 * -0.034763 | - | 0.327 * 1.0217 |
| = | -2.55 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Mar25) TTM: | Last Year (Mar24) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $1,717 Mil.
Revenue was 865.215 + 858.571 + 859.227 + 850.482 = $3,433 Mil.
Gross Profit was 526.072 + 525.612 + 521.497 + 519.217 = $2,092 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $2,196 Mil.
Total Assets was $25,437 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $890 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $179 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $1,492 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $15,636 Mil.
Net Income was 61.177 + -228.854 + 83.628 + 79.615 = $-4 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -6.583 + -350.546 + -4.39 + -5.615 = $-367 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 210.036 + 383.746 + 286.096 + 367.064 = $1,247 Mil.
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Total Receivables was $1,589 Mil.
Revenue was 839.439 + 828.933 + 824.283 + 817.153 = $3,310 Mil.
Gross Profit was 519.267 + 519.149 + 515.071 + 517.956 = $2,071 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $2,356 Mil.
Total Assets was $25,526 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $844 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $181 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $666 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $16,156 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (1717.184 / 3433.495) | / | (1589.338 / 3309.808) |
| = | 0.500127 | / | 0.48019 |
| | = | 1.0415 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (2071.443 / 3309.808) | / | (2092.398 / 3433.495) |
| = | 0.62585 | / | 0.609408 |
| | = | 1.027 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (2196.391 + 0) / 25436.521) | / | (1 - (2355.972 + 0) / 25525.978) |
| = | 0.913652 | / | 0.907703 |
| | = | 1.0066 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 3433.495 | / | 3309.808 |
| | = | 1.0374 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (843.524 / (843.524 + 0)) | / | (889.606 / (889.606 + 0)) |
| = | 1 | / | 1 |
| | = | 1 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (178.943 / 3433.495) | / | (181.203 / 3309.808) |
| = | 0.052117 | / | 0.054747 |
| | = | 0.952 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((15635.709 + 1491.866) / 25436.521) | / | ((16155.879 + 666.408) / 25525.978) |
| = | 0.673346 | / | 0.659026 |
| | = | 1.0217 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (-4.434 - -367.134 | - | 1246.942) | / | 25436.521 |
| | = | -0.034763 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
BXP has a M-score of -2.55 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
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