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Petrolia SE (OSL:PSE) Beneish M-Score : -3.04 (As of Dec. 12, 2024)


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What is Petrolia SE Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -3.04 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Petrolia SE's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

OSL:PSE' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -4.63   Med: -3.21   Max: -2.39
Current: -3.04

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Petrolia SE was -2.39. The lowest was -4.63. And the median was -3.21.


Petrolia SE Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Petrolia SE's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Petrolia SE Beneish M-Score Chart

Petrolia SE Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.95 -3.65 -3.22 -3.20 -3.04

Petrolia SE Semi-Annual Data
Dec14 Jun15 Dec15 Jun16 Dec16 Jun17 Dec17 Jun18 Dec18 Jun19 Dec19 Jun20 Dec20 Jun21 Dec21 Jun22 Dec22 Jun23 Dec23 Jun24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - -3.20 - -3.04 -

Competitive Comparison of Petrolia SE's Beneish M-Score

For the Oil & Gas Equipment & Services subindustry, Petrolia SE's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Petrolia SE's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Oil & Gas Industry

For the Oil & Gas industry and Energy sector, Petrolia SE's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Petrolia SE's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Petrolia SE Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Petrolia SE for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.1874+0.528 * 0.9672+0.404 * 0.6652+0.892 * 1.0426+0.115 * 1.0032
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.9836+4.679 * -0.134857-0.327 * 0.9811
=-3.04

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was kr168.5 Mil.
Revenue was kr571.8 Mil.
Gross Profit was kr351.7 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr363.1 Mil.
Total Assets was kr705.5 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr329.2 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr72.0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr12.6 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr168.2 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr95.8 Mil.
Net Income was kr21.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was kr0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was kr116.3 Mil.
Total Receivables was kr136.1 Mil.
Revenue was kr548.4 Mil.
Gross Profit was kr326.3 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr317.4 Mil.
Total Assets was kr630.9 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr295.7 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr64.9 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr12.3 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr141.3 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr99.3 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(168.506 / 571.767) / (136.108 / 548.385)
=0.294711 / 0.248198
=1.1874

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(326.28 / 548.385) / (351.717 / 571.767)
=0.594983 / 0.61514
=0.9672

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (363.068 + 329.205) / 705.523) / (1 - (317.448 + 295.672) / 630.933)
=0.01878 / 0.028233
=0.6652

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=571.767 / 548.385
=1.0426

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(64.892 / (64.892 + 295.672)) / (71.968 / (71.968 + 329.205))
=0.179974 / 0.179394
=1.0032

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(12.585 / 571.767) / (12.271 / 548.385)
=0.022011 / 0.022377
=0.9836

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((95.841 + 168.179) / 705.523) / ((99.344 + 141.305) / 630.933)
=0.374219 / 0.381418
=0.9811

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(21.183 - 0 - 116.328) / 705.523
=-0.134857

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Petrolia SE has a M-score of -3.04 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Petrolia SE Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Petrolia SE Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
205 Christodoulou Chatzipavlou Street, Loulloupis Court, 4th Floor, Office 401, Limassol, CYP, 3036
Petrolia SE is an international oil service company. The main activities of the company are within two segments: The energy division and the Energy Service division. The group operates in Norway, Europe outside Norway, Asia and Australia, and other regions. The company generates maximum revenue from Asia and Australia. It generates revenue by providing drilling equipment, such as drill pipes and test strings to oil companies, drilling contractors, and oil service companies.

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