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Bokusgruppen AB (OSTO:BOKUS) Beneish M-Score : -1.87 (As of Mar. 29, 2025)


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What is Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -1.87 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

OSTO:BOKUS' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.08   Med: -2.64   Max: -1.87
Current: -1.87

During the past 6 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Bokusgruppen AB was -1.87. The lowest was -3.08. And the median was -2.64.


Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Chart

Bokusgruppen AB Annual Data
Trend Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial - - -2.64 -3.08 -1.87

Bokusgruppen AB Quarterly Data
Dec19 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -3.08 -2.84 -2.92 -3.30 -1.87

Competitive Comparison of Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score

For the Specialty Retail subindustry, Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Retail - Cyclical Industry

For the Retail - Cyclical industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score falls into.


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Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Bokusgruppen AB for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 2.308+0.528 * 0.9895+0.404 * 1.0273+0.892 * 1.0634+0.115 * 1.1227
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1+4.679 * -0.13488-0.327 * 1.1195
=-1.87

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec24) TTM:Last Year (Dec23) TTM:
Total Receivables was kr108 Mil.
Revenue was 721.4 + 452.8 + 350.3 + 464.4 = kr1,989 Mil.
Gross Profit was 327.1 + 191.1 + 150.2 + 185.7 = kr854 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr374 Mil.
Total Assets was kr1,682 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr393 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr197 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr712 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr224 Mil.
Net Income was 76.8 + 0.2 + -31.5 + -3.5 = kr42 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = kr0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 261.7 + 78.5 + -1.6 + -69.8 = kr269 Mil.
Total Receivables was kr44 Mil.
Revenue was 665.2 + 416.1 + 342.1 + 446.9 = kr1,870 Mil.
Gross Profit was 299.9 + 177.4 + 145.8 + 171.6 = kr795 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr393 Mil.
Total Assets was kr1,484 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr305 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr183 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr581 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr157 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(107.5 / 1988.9) / (43.8 / 1870.3)
=0.05405 / 0.023419
=2.308

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(794.7 / 1870.3) / (854.1 / 1988.9)
=0.424905 / 0.429433
=0.9895

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (374 + 392.6) / 1681.5) / (1 - (392.8 + 305) / 1483.5)
=0.544098 / 0.529626
=1.0273

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1988.9 / 1870.3
=1.0634

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(183.4 / (183.4 + 305)) / (197.3 / (197.3 + 392.6))
=0.375512 / 0.334463
=1.1227

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0 / 1988.9) / (0 / 1870.3)
=0 / 0
=1

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((223.9 + 712.2) / 1681.5) / ((157.1 + 580.6) / 1483.5)
=0.556705 / 0.49727
=1.1195

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(42 - 0 - 268.8) / 1681.5
=-0.13488

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Bokusgruppen AB has a M-score of -1.87 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Bokusgruppen AB Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
Lindhagensgatan 74, 8 tr, plan 8, Stockholm, SWE, 112 18
Bokusgruppen AB is a book retailer. It offers strong and complementary books brands such as Bokus, Bokus Play and Akademibokhandeln and reaches a large share of Sweden's population. In addition to books in all channels and formats, a large and inspirational range of other products is also offered.

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