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Bokusgruppen AB (OSTO:BOKUS) Beneish M-Score : -2.84 (As of May. 25, 2024)


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What is Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.84 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

OSTO:BOKUS' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.08   Med: -2.82   Max: -2.14
Current: -2.84

During the past 5 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Bokusgruppen AB was -2.14. The lowest was -3.08. And the median was -2.82.


Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Chart

Bokusgruppen AB Annual Data
Trend Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
- - - -2.64 -3.08

Bokusgruppen AB Quarterly Data
Dec19 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.76 -2.99 -2.79 -3.08 -2.84

Competitive Comparison of Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score

For the Specialty Retail subindustry, Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Retail - Cyclical Industry

For the Retail - Cyclical industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Bokusgruppen AB's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Bokusgruppen AB for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.2031+0.528 * 0.956+0.404 * 0.9513+0.892 * 1.0327+0.115 * 1.0202
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0+4.679 * -0.148757-0.327 * 1.0285
=-2.84

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Mar24) TTM:Last Year (Mar23) TTM:
Total Receivables was kr94 Mil.
Revenue was 464.4 + 665.4 + 416.1 + 342.1 = kr1,888 Mil.
Gross Profit was 185.7 + 300.1 + 177.4 + 145.8 = kr809 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr253 Mil.
Total Assets was kr1,375 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr342 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr187 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr447 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr187 Mil.
Net Income was -3.5 + 75.2 + 5.7 + -31.4 = kr46 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = kr0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was -69.8 + 263.3 + 47 + 10.1 = kr251 Mil.
Total Receivables was kr76 Mil.
Revenue was 446.9 + 618.8 + 421 + 341.5 = kr1,828 Mil.
Gross Profit was 171.6 + 269.7 + 166.4 + 141.2 = kr749 Mil.
Total Current Assets was kr240 Mil.
Total Assets was kr1,353 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was kr306 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was kr172 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was kr105 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was kr450 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was kr156 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(94.3 / 1888) / (75.9 / 1828.2)
=0.049947 / 0.041516
=1.2031

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(748.9 / 1828.2) / (809 / 1888)
=0.409638 / 0.428496
=0.956

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (252.7 + 342.3) / 1375.4) / (1 - (240.4 + 305.7) / 1353.2)
=0.567399 / 0.596438
=0.9513

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1888 / 1828.2
=1.0327

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(171.9 / (171.9 + 305.7)) / (186.6 / (186.6 + 342.3))
=0.359925 / 0.352808
=1.0202

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0 / 1888) / (105.3 / 1828.2)
=0 / 0.057598
=0

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((186.5 + 447.2) / 1375.4) / ((156.4 + 449.8) / 1353.2)
=0.460739 / 0.447975
=1.0285

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(46 - 0 - 250.6) / 1375.4
=-0.148757

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Bokusgruppen AB has a M-score of -2.84 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Bokusgruppen AB Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Bokusgruppen AB (OSTO:BOKUS) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
Lindhagensgatan 74, 8 tr, plan 8, Stockholm, SWE, 112 18
Bokusgruppen AB is a book retailer. It offers strong and complementary books brands such as Bokus, Bokus Play and Akademibokhandeln and reaches a large share of Sweden's population. In addition to books in all channels and formats, a large and inspirational range of other products is also offered.

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