LFA Co (ROCO:3226) Beneish M-Score: -2.81 (As of Jun. 28, 2026)


ROCO:3226 LFA Co Ltd ROCO:3226
69 GF Score
Price NT$44.60
GF Value NT$37.87
Valuation Modestly Overvalued
! 5 Warning Signs
View Full Analysis

What is LFA Co Beneish M-Score?

LFA Co ROCO:3226 69 Beneish M-Score is -2.81 as of Jun. 28, 2026. GuruFocus rates ROCO:3226 with a GF Score™ of 69/100 and a GF Value™ of NT$37.87 (Modestly Overvalued). The stock has 5 warning signs investors should review. Among 2,919 Industrial Products companies, LFA Co ranks better than 79.65% on this metric.

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.81 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for LFA Co's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

ROCO:3226' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.91   Med: -2.58   Max: -1.51
Current: -2.81

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of LFA Co was -1.51. The lowest was -2.91. And the median was -2.58.


LFA Co Beneish M-Score Historical Data

* Premium members only.

The historical data trend for LFA Co's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

LFA Co Beneish M-Score Chart

LFA Co Annual Data
Trend Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24 Dec25
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.38 -2.59 -2.80 -2.82 -2.81

LFA Co Quarterly Data
Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24 Mar25 Jun25 Sep25 Dec25
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.82 -2.69 -3.01 -2.94 -2.81

ROCO:3226 vs VRT, BE: Beneish M-Score Comparison

For the Electrical Equipment & Parts subindustry, LFA Co's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


LFA Co Beneish M-Score vs Industrial Products Industry

For the Industrial Products industry and Industrials sector, LFA Co's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where LFA Co's Beneish M-Score falls into.


ROCO:3226
69GF Score
LFA Co Ltd ROCO:3226
Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Score™, valuation, warning signs, and more.
View Full Analysis

LFA Co Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of LFA Co for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.7916+0.528 * 1.7363+0.404 * 1.3535+0.892 * 0.7548+0.115 * 0.9371
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.1774+4.679 * -0.095979-0.327 * 0.8971
=-2.81

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec25) TTM:Last Year (Dec24) TTM:
Total Receivables was NT$297 Mil.
Revenue was 330.285 + 308.435 + 441.264 + 526.569 = NT$1,607 Mil.
Gross Profit was 52.517 + -5.368 + 60.731 + 123.393 = NT$231 Mil.
Total Current Assets was NT$1,154 Mil.
Total Assets was NT$2,479 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was NT$720 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was NT$230 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was NT$101 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was NT$563 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was NT$33 Mil.
Net Income was 37.956 + -2.792 + -96.415 + 77.028 = NT$16 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = NT$0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 31.55 + 31.255 + 85.954 + 104.935 = NT$254 Mil.
Total Receivables was NT$497 Mil.
Revenue was 462.209 + 461.725 + 637.385 + 567.024 = NT$2,128 Mil.
Gross Profit was 101.915 + 110.845 + 168.364 + 150.856 = NT$532 Mil.
Total Current Assets was NT$1,485 Mil.
Total Assets was NT$2,597 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was NT$644 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was NT$189 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was NT$114 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was NT$695 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was NT$1 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(297.096 / 1606.553) / (497.235 / 2128.343)
=0.184928 / 0.233625
=0.7916

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(531.98 / 2128.343) / (231.273 / 1606.553)
=0.24995 / 0.143956
=1.7363

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (1153.683 + 719.928) / 2478.846) / (1 - (1484.87 + 643.802) / 2597.19)
=0.24416 / 0.180394
=1.3535

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1606.553 / 2128.343
=0.7548

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(189.304 / (189.304 + 643.802)) / (230.451 / (230.451 + 719.928))
=0.227227 / 0.242483
=0.9371

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(100.994 / 1606.553) / (113.64 / 2128.343)
=0.062864 / 0.053394
=1.1774

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((32.542 + 562.869) / 2478.846) / ((0.526 + 694.874) / 2597.19)
=0.240197 / 0.267751
=0.8971

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(15.777 - 0 - 253.694) / 2478.846
=-0.095979

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

LFA Co has a M-score of -2.81 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

Frequently Asked Questions Learn more about Beneish M-Score →
What does a Beneish M-Score of -2.81 mean?
LFA Co (ROCO:3226) has a Beneish M-Score of -2.81 as of Jun. 28, 2026. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on LFA Co and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, LFA Co ranks #594 out of 2919 companies in the Industrial Products industry, placing it in the top 20.3%.
Is LFA Co's Beneish M-Score too high?
LFA Co's current Beneish M-Score is -2.81. Based on the distribution chart, LFA Co ranks #594 out of 2919 companies in the Industrial Products industry, which is in the top quartile — a strong position relative to peers. Overall, LFA Co has a GF Score™ of 69/100 and is considered Modestly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does LFA Co's Beneish M-Score compare to VRT and BE?
According to the Industrial Products industry distribution chart, LFA Co ranks #594 out of 2919 companies for Beneish M-Score. This places LFA Co in the top 20% of its industry — outperforming the majority of peers. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Beneish M-Score for an Industrial Products company?
A good Beneish M-Score depends on the Industrial Products industry context. However, Beneish M-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Beneish M-Score mean?
A high Beneish M-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on LFA Co and its competitors. LFA Co's current Beneish M-Score is -2.81. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is LFA Co stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, LFA Co (ROCO:3226) is currently considered Modestly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is NT$37.87, compared to a current price of NT$44.60 — trading 17.8% above its estimated fair value. The current Beneish M-Score is -2.81. LFA Co's overall GF Score™ is 69/100 with 5 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Beneish M-Score calculated?
Beneish M-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For LFA Co (ROCO:3226), the current Beneish M-Score is -2.81 as of Jun. 28, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.

Is LFA Co (ROCO:3226) Overvalued in 2026?

Based on GuruFocus' analysis, LFA Co stock appears to be overvalued. The current stock price of NT$44.60 is trading 17.8% above its estimated GF Value™ of NT$37.87. GuruFocus considers LFA Co to be Modestly Overvalued.

Key valuation signals for ROCO:3226:

  • Beneish M-Score: -2.81
  • GF Value™: NT$37.87 vs. price of NT$44.60 (17.8% above fair value)
  • GF Score™: 69/100 with 5 warning signs

No single metric tells the full story. See the ROCO:3226 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.


LFA Co Business Description

Address Huangong Road, No. 75, Yongkang District, Tainan, TWN, 71041
LFA Co Ltd is engaged in the manufacturing, processing, and trading of automotive components and electronic components. The company's products include headlights, foglights, tail lamps, and other related products for different types of automotive vehicles. It operates in only one segment of production and sales of automotive components.
69GF Score

Get the complete analysis for ROCO:3226

Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.

NT$44.60
Price
NT$37.87
GF Value