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Changing Information Technology (ROCO:8272) Beneish M-Score : -2.91 (As of Apr. 07, 2025)


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What is Changing Information Technology Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.91 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Changing Information Technology's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

ROCO:8272' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -2.91   Med: -2.91   Max: -2.91
Current: -2.91

During the past 6 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Changing Information Technology was -2.91. The lowest was -2.91. And the median was -2.91.


Changing Information Technology Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Changing Information Technology's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Changing Information Technology Beneish M-Score Chart

Changing Information Technology Annual Data
Trend Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial - - - - -2.91

Changing Information Technology Quarterly Data
Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - - -2.83 - -2.91

Competitive Comparison of Changing Information Technology's Beneish M-Score

For the Software - Infrastructure subindustry, Changing Information Technology's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Changing Information Technology's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Software Industry

For the Software industry and Technology sector, Changing Information Technology's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Changing Information Technology's Beneish M-Score falls into.


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Changing Information Technology Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Changing Information Technology for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.8082+0.528 * 1.0148+0.404 * 0.7068+0.892 * 0.9787+0.115 * 1.3618
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.992+4.679 * -0.050928-0.327 * 0.7953
=-2.91

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec24) TTM:Last Year (Dec23) TTM:
Total Receivables was NT$122.2 Mil.
Revenue was 155.57 + 94.644 + 95.017 + 67.559 = NT$412.8 Mil.
Gross Profit was 125.782 + 68.819 + 70.109 + 48.32 = NT$313.0 Mil.
Total Current Assets was NT$769.4 Mil.
Total Assets was NT$788.5 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was NT$13.7 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was NT$7.4 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was NT$140.4 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was NT$210.3 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was NT$3.4 Mil.
Net Income was 39.797 + 12.704 + 13.594 + 4.787 = NT$70.9 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = NT$0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 70.317 + 5.282 + 15.298 + 20.143 = NT$111.0 Mil.
Total Receivables was NT$154.4 Mil.
Revenue was 174.578 + 100.552 + 81.93 + 64.708 = NT$421.8 Mil.
Gross Profit was 142.055 + 73.394 + 62.216 + 46.897 = NT$324.6 Mil.
Total Current Assets was NT$613.0 Mil.
Total Assets was NT$626.9 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was NT$7.9 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was NT$7.3 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was NT$144.6 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was NT$213.6 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was NT$0.0 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(122.157 / 412.79) / (154.443 / 421.768)
=0.29593 / 0.36618
=0.8082

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(324.562 / 421.768) / (313.03 / 412.79)
=0.769527 / 0.758327
=1.0148

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (769.443 + 13.742) / 788.531) / (1 - (612.957 + 7.934) / 626.904)
=0.00678 / 0.009592
=0.7068

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=412.79 / 421.768
=0.9787

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(7.262 / (7.262 + 7.934)) / (7.43 / (7.43 + 13.742))
=0.477889 / 0.350935
=1.3618

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(140.35 / 412.79) / (144.563 / 421.768)
=0.340003 / 0.342755
=0.992

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((3.361 + 210.259) / 788.531) / ((0 + 213.558) / 626.904)
=0.270909 / 0.340655
=0.7953

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(70.882 - 0 - 111.04) / 788.531
=-0.050928

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Changing Information Technology has a M-score of -2.91 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Changing Information Technology Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Changing Information Technology Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
2nd Floor, 48 Park Ave.2, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, TWN, 30844
Changing Information Technology Inc is a company focused on information security and identification authentication of users, transactions. The company's offerings include zero-trust digital authentication systems, Fintech security solutions, and digital transformation applications.

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