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Frontera Energy (STU:3PY3) Beneish M-Score : -3.78 (As of Mar. 27, 2025)


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What is Frontera Energy Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -3.78 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Frontera Energy's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

STU:3PY3' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -5.48   Med: -3.42   Max: -1.46
Current: -3.78

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Frontera Energy was -1.46. The lowest was -5.48. And the median was -3.42.


Frontera Energy Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Frontera Energy's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Frontera Energy Beneish M-Score Chart

Frontera Energy Annual Data
Trend Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -5.00 -3.01 -3.43 -1.46 -3.78

Frontera Energy Quarterly Data
Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -1.46 -2.45 -2.83 -2.98 -3.78

Competitive Comparison of Frontera Energy's Beneish M-Score

For the Oil & Gas E&P subindustry, Frontera Energy's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Frontera Energy's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Oil & Gas Industry

For the Oil & Gas industry and Energy sector, Frontera Energy's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Frontera Energy's Beneish M-Score falls into.


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Frontera Energy Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Frontera Energy for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.6817+0.528 * 0.9826+0.404 * 0.6079+0.892 * 0.952+0.115 * 1.1111
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.0457+4.679 * -0.176055-0.327 * 0.9997
=-3.80

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec24) TTM:Last Year (Dec23) TTM:
Total Receivables was €127 Mil.
Revenue was 280.374 + 253.477 + 265.041 + 248.107 = €1,047 Mil.
Gross Profit was 56.7 + 42.244 + 56.477 + 42.068 = €197 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €394 Mil.
Total Assets was €2,770 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €2,261 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €243 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €47 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €491 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €450 Mil.
Net Income was -28.078 + 14.946 + -2.644 + -7.823 = €-24 Mil.
Non Operating Income was -22.13 + 12.488 + -1.416 + 1.002 = €-10 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 162.895 + 111.776 + 139.152 + 60.367 = €474 Mil.
Total Receivables was €196 Mil.
Revenue was 279.854 + 300.855 + 276.629 + 242.447 = €1,100 Mil.
Gross Profit was 52.109 + 80.168 + 32.682 + 38.875 = €204 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €443 Mil.
Total Assets was €2,766 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €2,134 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €258 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €47 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €499 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €440 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(127.238 / 1046.999) / (196.053 / 1099.785)
=0.121526 / 0.178265
=0.6817

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(203.834 / 1099.785) / (197.489 / 1046.999)
=0.18534 / 0.188624
=0.9826

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (394.463 + 2260.797) / 2770.338) / (1 - (442.77 + 2134.161) / 2765.929)
=0.041539 / 0.068331
=0.6079

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1046.999 / 1099.785
=0.952

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(258.03 / (258.03 + 2134.161)) / (243.072 / (243.072 + 2260.797))
=0.107863 / 0.097079
=1.1111

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(46.56 / 1046.999) / (46.771 / 1099.785)
=0.04447 / 0.042527
=1.0457

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((449.81 + 490.502) / 2770.338) / ((439.558 + 499.491) / 2765.929)
=0.339421 / 0.339506
=0.9997

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-23.599 - -10.056 - 474.19) / 2770.338
=-0.176055

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Frontera Energy has a M-score of -3.80 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Frontera Energy Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Frontera Energy Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
140 4 Avenue SW, Suite 1030, Calgary, AB, CAN, T2P 3N3
Frontera Energy Corp is a Canadian-based company engaged in the exploration, development, and production of crude oil and natural gas reserves in South America. It operates in four reportable segments such as Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana and Infrastructure Colombia. The majority of its revenue is generated from the Colombia segment.

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