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Freee KK (TSE:4478) Beneish M-Score : -2.87 (As of Dec. 15, 2024)


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What is Freee KK Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.87 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Freee KK's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

TSE:4478' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.75   Med: -3.02   Max: -1.74
Current: -2.87

During the past 6 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Freee KK was -1.74. The lowest was -3.75. And the median was -3.02.


Freee KK Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Freee KK's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Freee KK Beneish M-Score Chart

Freee KK Annual Data
Trend Jun19 Jun20 Jun21 Jun22 Jun23 Jun24
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial - -1.74 -3.75 -3.17 -2.87

Freee KK Quarterly Data
Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - - - -2.87 -

Competitive Comparison of Freee KK's Beneish M-Score

For the Software - Application subindustry, Freee KK's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Freee KK's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Software Industry

For the Software industry and Technology sector, Freee KK's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Freee KK's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Freee KK Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Freee KK for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.8995+0.528 * 1.0127+0.404 * 1.0331+0.892 * 1.3231+0.115 * 1
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1+4.679 * -0.084677-0.327 * 1.6296
=-2.87

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Jun24) TTM:Last Year (Jun23) TTM:
Total Receivables was 円2,679 Mil.
Revenue was 円25,431 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円20,992 Mil.
Total Current Assets was 円38,432 Mil.
Total Assets was 円39,953 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was 円0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was 円0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was 円0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was 円21,386 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was 円0 Mil.
Net Income was 円-10,151 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 円-6,768 Mil.
Total Receivables was 円2,251 Mil.
Revenue was 円19,220 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円16,066 Mil.
Total Current Assets was 円41,210 Mil.
Total Assets was 円42,787 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was 円0 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was 円0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was 円0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was 円14,054 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was 円0 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(2679.108 / 25430.756) / (2250.951 / 19219.994)
=0.105349 / 0.117115
=0.8995

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(16066.468 / 19219.994) / (20991.73 / 25430.756)
=0.835925 / 0.825447
=1.0127

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (38431.931 + 0) / 39953.073) / (1 - (41210.091 + 0) / 42786.885)
=0.038073 / 0.036852
=1.0331

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=25430.756 / 19219.994
=1.3231

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0 / (0 + 0)) / (0 / (0 + 0))
= /
=1

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0 / 25430.756) / (0 / 19219.994)
=0 / 0
=1

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((0 + 21385.99) / 39953.073) / ((0 + 14053.924) / 42786.885)
=0.535278 / 0.328463
=1.6296

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-10150.671 - 0 - -6767.571) / 39953.073
=-0.084677

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Freee KK has a M-score of -2.87 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Freee KK Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Freee KK Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
2-8-1 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Gotanda First Building 9th Floor, Tokyo, JPN, 141-0031
Freee KK is a developer of cloud-based software. Its software products include Cloud Accounting software, Cloud HR Labor software, Cloud ERP for Midsize companies, among others.

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