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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
The historical rank and industry rank for Vivani Medical's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 4 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Vivani Medical was 0.00. The lowest was 0.00. And the median was 0.00.
The historical data trend for Vivani Medical's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Vivani Medical Annual Data | |||||||||
Trend | Dec20 | Dec21 | Dec22 | Dec23 | |||||
Beneish M-Score | - | - | - | - |
Vivani Medical Quarterly Data | ||||||||||||||
Dec20 | Mar21 | Sep21 | Dec21 | Mar22 | Jun22 | Sep22 | Dec22 | Mar23 | Jun23 | Sep23 | Dec23 | Mar24 | Jun24 | |
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | - | - | - | - | - |
For the Biotechnology subindustry, Vivani Medical's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
For the Biotechnology industry and Healthcare sector, Vivani Medical's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Vivani Medical's Beneish M-Score falls into.
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Vivani Medical for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
= | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * | + | 0.528 * | + | 0.404 * | + | 0.892 * | + | 0.115 * | |
- | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI | |||||||
- | 0.172 * | + | 4.679 * | - | 0.327 * | |||||||
= |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
This Year (Jun24) TTM: | Last Year (Jun23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $0.00 Mil. Revenue was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0.00 Mil. Gross Profit was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0.00 Mil. Total Current Assets was $26.34 Mil. Total Assets was $48.22 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $20.51 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.37 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $8.88 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $5.78 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $18.62 Mil. Net Income was -5.356 + -6.039 + -6.026 + -6.782 = $-24.20 Mil. Non Operating Income was 0.325 + 0.188 + 0.191 + 0.362 = $1.07 Mil. Cash Flow from Operations was -4.801 + -4.512 + -3.481 + -7.702 = $-20.50 Mil. |
Total Receivables was $0.00 Mil. Revenue was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0.00 Mil. Gross Profit was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0.00 Mil. Total Current Assets was $36.22 Mil. Total Assets was $59.61 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $21.76 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.40 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $10.73 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $7.09 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $20.13 Mil. |
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
= | (0 / 0) | / | (0 / 0) | |
= | / | |||
= |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
= | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) | |
= | (0 / 0) | / | (0 / 0) | |
= | / | |||
= |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | (1 - (26.337 + 20.511) / 48.224) | / | (1 - (36.222 + 21.759) / 59.607) | |
= | 0.028534 | / | 0.027279 | |
= |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
= | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 | |
= | 0 | / | 0 | |
= |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
= | (0.399 / (0.399 + 21.759)) | / | (0.368 / (0.368 + 20.511)) | |
= | 0.018007 | / | 0.017625 | |
= |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
= | (8.881 / 0) | / | (10.733 / 0) | |
= | / | |||
= |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | ((18.616 + 5.784) / 48.224) | / | ((20.127 + 7.086) / 59.607) | |
= | 0.505972 | / | 0.45654 | |
= |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
= | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t | |
= | (-24.203 - 1.066 | - | -20.496) | / | 48.224 | |
= | -0.098976 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Vivani Medical's Beneish M-Score provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Donald Dwyer | officer: Chief Business Officer | 54 CHERRY FARM LANE, WEST CHESTER PA 19382 |
Gregg Williams | director, 10 percent owner | PO BOX 200, WALLED LAKE MI 48390-0200 |
Brigid Makes | officer: CFO | 20245 SW 95TH AVENUE, TUALATIN OR 97062 |
Aaron Mendelsohn | director | 224 15TH STREET, SANTA MONICA CA 90402 |
Joachim Eberhard Bolck | 10 percent owner | 33 CLUB VIEW LANE, ROLLING HILLS ESTATES CA 90274 |
Lisa Ellen Porter | officer: Chief Medical Officer | 778 CORDILLERAS AVE, SAN CARLOS CA 94070 |
Truc Le | officer: COO | 1905 WEST RED FOX ROAD, SANTA ANA CA 92704 |
Adam Mendelsohn | director, officer: CEO | C/O 5858 HORTON ST. SUITE 280, EMERYVILLE CA 94608 |
Wilford Dean Baker | director | 200 FLYNN ROAD, CAMARILLO CA 93012-8790 |
Larson Alexandra L.p. | director | 3797 BURNING TREE DRIVE, BLOOMFIELD HILLS MI 48302 |
Scott Dunbar | officer: Acting CEO | 13170 TELFAIR AVENUE, SYLMAR CA 91342 |
Edward Jonathon Sedo | officer: Controller | 4485 FORESTGLEN CT, MOORPARK CA 93021 |
Jessy Dana Dorn | officer: VP-Clin & Scientific Affairs | 12744 SAN FERNANDO RD. SUITE 400, SYLMAR CA 91342 |
Matthew J Pfeffer | director | |
Patrick Ryan | officer: Chief Operating Officer | C/O SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC., 12744 SAN FERNANDO ROAD, SUITE 400, SYLMAR CA 91342 |
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