Directa Sim SpAFRA:ZP7 54 Graham Number is €6.45 as of Dec. 2025, which is 100% below its 10-year median of 0.81. GuruFocus rates FRA:ZP7 with a GF Score™ of 54/100 and a GF Value™ of €4.53 (Significantly Overvalued). The stock has 7 warning signs investors should review. Among 528 Capital Markets companies, Directa Sim SpA ranks worse than 52.46% on this metric.
Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
As of today (2026-07-12), the stock price of Directa Sim SpA is €8.80. Directa Sim SpA's graham number for the quarter that ended in Dec. 2025 was €6.45. Therefore, Directa Sim SpA's Price to Graham Number ratio for today is 1.37.
The historical rank and industry rank for Directa Sim SpA's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:ZP7'
s Price-to-Graham-Number Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 0.69 Med: 0.81 Max: 1.68
Current: 1.2
During the past 7 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Directa Sim SpA was 1.68. The lowest was 0.69. And the median was 0.81.
FRA:ZP7's Price-to-Graham-Number is ranked worse than 52.46% of 528
companies
in the Capital Markets industry
Industry Median: 1.14
vs FRA:ZP7: 1.20
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Directa Sim SpA (FRA:ZP7) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Directa Sim SpA's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Dec. 2025 )
=
8.80
/
6.45
=
1.37
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Directa Sim SpA Graham Number Related Terms
Directa Sim SpA Graham Number Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Directa Sim SpA's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
For the Capital Markets subindustry, Directa Sim SpA's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Directa Sim SpA Price-to-Graham-Number vs Capital Markets Industry
For the Capital Markets industry and Financial Services sector, Directa Sim SpA's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Directa Sim SpA's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Directa Sim SpA (FRA:ZP7) has a Graham Number of €6.45 as of Dec. 2025. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Directa Sim SpA and its competitors. This is 696% above median its historical median of 0.81. Over the past decade, Directa Sim SpA's Graham Number has ranged from 0.69 to 1.68. According to the industry distribution chart, Directa Sim SpA ranks #277 out of 528 companies in the Capital Markets industry, placing it in the top 52.5%.
Is Directa Sim SpA's Graham Number too high?
Directa Sim SpA's current Graham Number of €6.45 is 696% above median its 10-year median of 0.81. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 0.69 to a high of 1.68. Based on the distribution chart, Directa Sim SpA ranks #277 out of 528 companies in the Capital Markets industry, which is below the industry midpoint. Overall, Directa Sim SpA has a GF Score™ of 54/100 and is considered Significantly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Directa Sim SpA's Graham Number compare to MS and GS?
According to the Capital Markets industry distribution chart, Directa Sim SpA ranks #277 out of 528 companies for Graham Number. This places Directa Sim SpA in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Graham Number is 1.14. Historically, Directa Sim SpA's own Graham Number has ranged from 0.69 to 1.68 over the past decade. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Graham Number for a Capital Markets company?
The median Graham Number among Capital Markets companies is 1.14, based on 528 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Graham Number significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Graham Number should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Graham Number mean?
A high Graham Number can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Graham Number values a company based on its per-share earnings and book value. View historical data on Directa Sim SpA and its competitors. For the Capital Markets industry, the median Graham Number is 1.14 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Directa Sim SpA's current Graham Number is €6.45, which is 696% above median its own 10-year median of 0.81. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Directa Sim SpA stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Directa Sim SpA (FRA:ZP7) is currently considered Significantly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is €4.53, compared to a current price of €8.80 — trading 94.3% above its estimated fair value. The current Graham Number is €6.45, which is 696% above median its 10-year median of 0.81. Directa Sim SpA's overall GF Score™ is 54/100 with 7 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Graham Number calculated?
Graham Number is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Directa Sim SpA (FRA:ZP7), the current Graham Number is €6.45 as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Is Directa Sim SpA (FRA:ZP7) Overvalued in 2026?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Directa Sim SpA stock appears to be overvalued.
The current stock price of €8.80 is trading 94.3% above its estimated GF Value™ of €4.53.
GuruFocus considers Directa Sim SpA to be Significantly Overvalued.
Key valuation signals for FRA:ZP7:
Graham Number: €6.45 (696% above median its 10-year median of 0.81)
GF Value™: €4.53 vs. price of €8.80 (94.3% above fair value)
No single metric tells the full story. See the FRA:ZP7 stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.
Directa Sim SpA is an online brokerage firm that allows private investors to operate directly on financial markets. The financial products of the company include Stocks, Bonds, Futures, Funds, Options, and Certificates & CW, among others.
54GF Score
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