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Lumi Gruppen AS (FRA:8KS) Beneish M-Score : -3.87 (As of May. 17, 2024)


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What is Lumi Gruppen AS Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -3.87 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Lumi Gruppen AS's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

FRA:8KS' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.87   Med: -3.55   Max: -3.22
Current: -3.87

During the past 4 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Lumi Gruppen AS was -3.22. The lowest was -3.87. And the median was -3.55.


Lumi Gruppen AS Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Lumi Gruppen AS's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Lumi Gruppen AS Beneish M-Score Chart

Lumi Gruppen AS Annual Data
Trend Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
- - -3.22 -3.87

Lumi Gruppen AS Quarterly Data
Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -3.22 - - - -3.87

Competitive Comparison of Lumi Gruppen AS's Beneish M-Score

For the Education & Training Services subindustry, Lumi Gruppen AS's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Lumi Gruppen AS's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Education Industry

For the Education industry and Consumer Defensive sector, Lumi Gruppen AS's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Lumi Gruppen AS's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Lumi Gruppen AS Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Lumi Gruppen AS for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.3159+0.528 * 1+0.404 * 0.8519+0.892 * 0.748+0.115 * 1.3171
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.4315+4.679 * -0.303893-0.327 * 1.0173
=-3.94

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was €2.37 Mil.
Revenue was €36.58 Mil.
Gross Profit was €36.58 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €8.61 Mil.
Total Assets was €88.50 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €16.71 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €4.75 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €4.09 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €13.51 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €35.84 Mil.
Net Income was €-24.01 Mil.
Gross Profit was €0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was €2.88 Mil.
Total Receivables was €2.41 Mil.
Revenue was €48.91 Mil.
Gross Profit was €48.91 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €5.58 Mil.
Total Assets was €113.68 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €12.84 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €5.28 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €3.82 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €12.76 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €49.55 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(2.372 / 36.584) / (2.41 / 48.911)
=0.064837 / 0.049273
=1.3159

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(48.911 / 48.911) / (36.584 / 36.584)
=1 / 1
=1

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (8.609 + 16.713) / 88.495) / (1 - (5.584 + 12.839) / 113.677)
=0.71386 / 0.837936
=0.8519

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=36.584 / 48.911
=0.748

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(5.282 / (5.282 + 12.839)) / (4.75 / (4.75 + 16.713))
=0.291485 / 0.221311
=1.3171

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(4.086 / 36.584) / (3.816 / 48.911)
=0.111688 / 0.078019
=1.4315

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((35.837 + 13.505) / 88.495) / ((49.545 + 12.758) / 113.677)
=0.557568 / 0.54807
=1.0173

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-24.013 - 0 - 2.88) / 88.495
=-0.303893

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Lumi Gruppen AS has a M-score of -3.94 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Lumi Gruppen AS Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Lumi Gruppen AS (FRA:8KS) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
Sandakerveien 116, Oslo, NOR, 0484
Lumi Gruppen AS is a private educational institution. Its focuses on each student and have a broad range of education programs both on-campus and online, from high school to vocational and university college. The company's segment includes Sonans; Oslo Nye Hoyskole; Ntech and others. It generates maximum revenue from the Sonans segment.

Lumi Gruppen AS (FRA:8KS) Headlines

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