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Vector Holdings (TSE:2656) Beneish M-Score : 1.80 (As of May. 27, 2024)


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What is Vector Holdings Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Warning Sign:

Beneish M-Score 1.8 higher than -1.78, which implies that the company might have manipulated its financial results.

The historical rank and industry rank for Vector Holdings's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

TSE:2656' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -4.47   Med: -3.07   Max: 1.8
Current: 1.8

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Vector Holdings was 1.80. The lowest was -4.47. And the median was -3.07.


Vector Holdings Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Vector Holdings's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Vector Holdings Beneish M-Score Chart

Vector Holdings Annual Data
Trend Mar14 Mar15 Mar16 Mar17 Mar18 Mar19 Mar20 Mar21 Mar22 Mar23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 0.15 -3.14 -3.29 -4.47 1.80

Vector Holdings Quarterly Data
Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - 1.80 - - -

Competitive Comparison of Vector Holdings's Beneish M-Score

For the Advertising Agencies subindustry, Vector Holdings's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Vector Holdings's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Media - Diversified Industry

For the Media - Diversified industry and Communication Services sector, Vector Holdings's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Vector Holdings's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Vector Holdings Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Vector Holdings for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.5714+0.528 * 1+0.404 * 1.6628+0.892 * 0.6738+0.115 * 43.0394
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.5955+4.679 * -0.009417-0.327 * 0.9821
=1.80

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Mar23) TTM:Last Year (Mar22) TTM:
Total Receivables was 円47.6 Mil.
Revenue was 円246.2 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円246.2 Mil.
Total Current Assets was 円607.1 Mil.
Total Assets was 円807.2 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was 円185.4 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was 円3.8 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was 円224.0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was 円142.5 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was 円0.0 Mil.
Net Income was 円-435.9 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 円-428.3 Mil.
Total Receivables was 円123.6 Mil.
Revenue was 円365.3 Mil.
Gross Profit was 円365.3 Mil.
Total Current Assets was 円944.9 Mil.
Total Assets was 円977.0 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was 円21.3 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was 円135.5 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was 円208.3 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was 円175.6 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was 円0.0 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(47.572 / 246.164) / (123.559 / 365.33)
=0.193253 / 0.338212
=0.5714

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(365.33 / 365.33) / (246.164 / 246.164)
=1 / 1
=1

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (607.084 + 185.357) / 807.178) / (1 - (944.894 + 21.33) / 976.951)
=0.018257 / 0.01098
=1.6628

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=246.164 / 365.33
=0.6738

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(135.476 / (135.476 + 21.33)) / (3.797 / (3.797 + 185.357))
=0.863972 / 0.020074
=43.0394

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(223.97 / 246.164) / (208.336 / 365.33)
=0.909841 / 0.570268
=1.5955

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((0 + 142.477) / 807.178) / ((0 + 175.59) / 976.951)
=0.176512 / 0.179733
=0.9821

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-435.868 - 0 - -428.267) / 807.178
=-0.009417

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Vector Holdings has a M-score of 1.80 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.


Vector Holdings Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Vector Holdings (TSE:2656) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
8-14-24 Nishi-Shinjuku, Nishi-Shinjuku KF Building, 5th floor, Tokyo, JPN, 160-0023
Vector Holdings Inc, formerly Vector Inc is engaged in the operation and sales, and marketing of online games. Marketing includes PC software download license sales. Advertisement sales consist of site banner advertisement space and mail magazine advertisement space. It even downloads sales and licensing of software for the PC.

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