GURUFOCUS.COM » STOCK LIST » Communication Services » Interactive Media » Frozen Way SA (WAR:FRW) » Definitions » Beneish M-Score

Frozen Way (WAR:FRW) Beneish M-Score : -0.49 (As of Apr. 03, 2025)


View and export this data going back to 2023. Start your Free Trial

What is Frozen Way Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Warning Sign:

Beneish M-Score -0.49 higher than -1.78, which implies that the company might have manipulated its financial results.

The historical rank and industry rank for Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

WAR:FRW' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -0.49   Med: 0   Max: 0
Current: -0.49

During the past 5 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Frozen Way was 0.00. The lowest was -0.49. And the median was 0.00.


Frozen Way Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Frozen Way Beneish M-Score Chart

Frozen Way Annual Data
Trend Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24
Beneish M-Score
- - - -1.40 -0.49

Frozen Way Quarterly Data
Dec20 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -1.40 -0.75 -1.08 -1.54 -0.49

Competitive Comparison of Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score

For the Electronic Gaming & Multimedia subindustry, Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Interactive Media Industry

For the Interactive Media industry and Communication Services sector, Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score falls into.


;
;

Frozen Way Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Frozen Way for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 2.809+0.528 * 0.9103+0.404 * 1.1351+0.892 * 0.8355+0.115 * 0.6611
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1+4.679 * 0.105975-0.327 * 0.9626
=-0.49

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec24) TTM:Last Year (Dec23) TTM:
Total Receivables was zł3.13 Mil.
Revenue was 5.064 + 2.322 + 2.79 + 3.284 = zł13.46 Mil.
Gross Profit was 5.042 + 3.51 + 4.708 + 4.847 = zł18.11 Mil.
Total Current Assets was zł20.69 Mil.
Total Assets was zł21.68 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was zł0.21 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was zł0.34 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was zł0.00 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was zł0.78 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was zł0.00 Mil.
Net Income was 1.043 + 0.703 + 1.244 + 1.867 = zł4.86 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = zł0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 2.697 + 0.311 + -0.903 + 0.455 = zł2.56 Mil.
Total Receivables was zł1.34 Mil.
Revenue was 3.576 + 3.638 + 7.619 + 1.278 = zł16.11 Mil.
Gross Profit was 5.251 + 4.713 + 7.297 + 2.468 = zł19.73 Mil.
Total Current Assets was zł17.03 Mil.
Total Assets was zł17.88 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was zł0.28 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was zł0.20 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was zł0.00 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was zł0.67 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was zł0.00 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(3.133 / 13.46) / (1.335 / 16.111)
=0.232764 / 0.082863
=2.809

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(19.729 / 16.111) / (18.107 / 13.46)
=1.224567 / 1.345245
=0.9103

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (20.685 + 0.207) / 21.675) / (1 - (17.032 + 0.278) / 17.879)
=0.036125 / 0.031825
=1.1351

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=13.46 / 16.111
=0.8355

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0.195 / (0.195 + 0.278)) / (0.343 / (0.343 + 0.207))
=0.412262 / 0.623636
=0.6611

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0 / 13.46) / (0 / 16.111)
=0 / 0
=1

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((0 + 0.776) / 21.675) / ((0 + 0.665) / 17.879)
=0.035802 / 0.037194
=0.9626

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(4.857 - 0 - 2.56) / 21.675
=0.105975

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Frozen Way has a M-score of -0.49 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.


Frozen Way Beneish M-Score Related Terms

Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Frozen Way's Beneish M-Score provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.


Frozen Way Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
N/A
Address
Stanislawa Kunickiego 5/118, 30-134, Lesser Poland, Krakow, POL
Frozen Way SA is a Poland-based developer of video games. It is an independent game development studio and publisher. Its game portfolio comprises House Flipper Pets, House Flipper VR, and Builder Simulator.