Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas (XSGO:IAM) Beneish M-Score: -2.87 (As of Jul. 15, 2026)

Author: Vera Yuan Vera Yuan
Vera Yuan
Vera Yuan
Director of Data and Quant Analytics at GuruFocus
Focused on building reliable datasets, financial models, and research tools for value-minded investors. Committed to turning complex data into practical guidance for value-investing and long-term wealth.
Reviewed by: Charlie Tian Charlie Tian
Charlie Tian
Charlie Tian
Founder & CEO of GuruFocus
Dr. Charlie Tian is the founder and CEO of GuruFocus.com, a leading global investment research platform established in 2004. With a Ph.D. in physics, Dr. Tian transitioned from science to finance, applying a data-driven, disciplined approach to value investing.

XSGO:IAM Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas SA XSGO:IAM
78 GF Score
Price CLP917.94
GF Value CLP831.75
Valuation Fairly Valued
! 4 Warning Signs
View Full Analysis

What is Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Beneish M-Score?

Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas XSGO:IAM +0.21% 78 Beneish M-Score is -2.87 as of Jul. 15, 2026. GuruFocus rates XSGO:IAM with a GF Score™ of 78/100 and a GF Value™ of CLP831.75 (Fairly Valued). The stock has 4 warning signs investors should review. Among 487 Utilities - Regulated companies, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas ranks better than 81.93% on this metric.

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.87 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

XSGO:IAM' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -4.1   Med: -2.79   Max: -2.54
Current: -2.87

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas was -2.54. The lowest was -4.10. And the median was -2.79.


Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Beneish M-Score Historical Data

* Premium members only.

The historical data trend for Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Beneish M-Score Chart

Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Annual Data
Trend Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24 Dec25
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.68 -2.64 -2.70 -2.68 -2.84

Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Quarterly Data
Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24 Mar25 Jun25 Sep25 Dec25 Mar26
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.73 -2.68 -2.86 -2.84 -2.87

XSGO:IAM vs AWK, WTRG, AWR: Beneish M-Score Comparison

For the Utilities - Regulated Water subindustry, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Beneish M-Score vs Utilities - Regulated Industry

For the Utilities - Regulated industry and Utilities sector, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas's Beneish M-Score falls into.


XSGO:IAM
78GF Score
Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas SA XSGO:IAM
Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Score™, valuation, warning signs, and more.
View Full Analysis

Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.988+0.528 * 0.9855+0.404 * 0.965+0.892 * 1.0811+0.115 * 0.9725
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.9718+4.679 * -0.094771-0.327 * 0.9769
=-2.87

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Mar26) TTM:Last Year (Mar25) TTM:
Total Receivables was CLP148,794 Mil.
Revenue was 210509.037 + 191929.38 + 158397.973 + 165023.088 = CLP725,859 Mil.
Gross Profit was 172448.457 + 145401.639 + 121698.252 + 130844.127 = CLP570,392 Mil.
Total Current Assets was CLP359,288 Mil.
Total Assets was CLP3,458,623 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was CLP2,169,234 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was CLP89,661 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was CLP11,898 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was CLP232,223 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was CLP1,224,994 Mil.
Net Income was 30701.087 + 20951.45 + 10376.332 + 11685.585 = CLP73,714 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = CLP0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 107101.987 + 111796.989 + 68903 + 113690.225 = CLP401,492 Mil.
Total Receivables was CLP139,310 Mil.
Revenue was 197436.623 + 179810.533 + 143472.465 + 150701.664 = CLP671,421 Mil.
Gross Profit was 157465.244 + 139236.641 + 105841.071 + 117435.318 = CLP519,978 Mil.
Total Current Assets was CLP384,324 Mil.
Total Assets was CLP3,397,365 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was CLP2,066,285 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was CLP82,960 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was CLP11,324 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was CLP256,942 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was CLP1,208,381 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(148793.837 / 725859.478) / (139310.396 / 671421.285)
=0.20499 / 0.207486
=0.988

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(519978.274 / 671421.285) / (570392.475 / 725859.478)
=0.774444 / 0.785817
=0.9855

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (359287.852 + 2169233.956) / 3458623.233) / (1 - (384323.917 + 2066285.222) / 3397365.046)
=0.268922 / 0.278674
=0.965

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=725859.478 / 671421.285
=1.0811

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(82960.218 / (82960.218 + 2066285.222)) / (89660.97 / (89660.97 + 2169233.956))
=0.0386 / 0.039692
=0.9725

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(11897.564 / 725859.478) / (11323.998 / 671421.285)
=0.016391 / 0.016866
=0.9718

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((1224994.194 + 232223.164) / 3458623.233) / ((1208380.609 + 256942.412) / 3397365.046)
=0.421329 / 0.431312
=0.9769

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(73714.454 - 0 - 401492.201) / 3458623.233
=-0.094771

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas has a M-score of -2.87 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

Frequently Asked Questions Learn more about Beneish M-Score →
What does a Beneish M-Score of -2.87 mean?
Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas (XSGO:IAM) has a Beneish M-Score of -2.87 as of Jul. 15, 2026. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas ranks #88 out of 487 companies in the Utilities - Regulated industry, placing it in the top 18.1%.
Is Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas' Beneish M-Score too high?
Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas' current Beneish M-Score is -2.87. Based on the distribution chart, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas ranks #88 out of 487 companies in the Utilities - Regulated industry, which is in the top quartile — a strong position relative to peers. Overall, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas has a GF Score™ of 78/100 and is considered Fairly Valued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas' Beneish M-Score compare to AWK and WTRG?
According to the Utilities - Regulated industry distribution chart, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas ranks #88 out of 487 companies for Beneish M-Score. This places Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas in the top 18% of its industry — outperforming the majority of peers. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Beneish M-Score for an Utilities - Regulated company?
A good Beneish M-Score depends on the Utilities - Regulated industry context. However, Beneish M-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Beneish M-Score mean?
A high Beneish M-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas and its competitors. Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas's current Beneish M-Score is -2.87. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas (XSGO:IAM) is currently considered Fairly Valued. The stock's GF Value™ is CLP831.75, compared to a current price of CLP917.94 — trading 10.4% above its estimated fair value. The current Beneish M-Score is -2.87. Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas' overall GF Score™ is 78/100 with 4 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Beneish M-Score calculated?
Beneish M-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas (XSGO:IAM), the current Beneish M-Score is -2.87 as of Jul. 15, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.

Is Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas (XSGO:IAM) Overvalued in 2026?

Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas stock appears to be overvalued. The current stock price of CLP917.94 is trading 10.4% above its estimated GF Value™ of CLP831.75. GuruFocus considers Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas to be Fairly Valued.

Key valuation signals for XSGO:IAM:

  • Beneish M-Score: -2.87
  • GF Value™: CLP831.75 vs. price of CLP917.94 (10.4% above fair value)
  • GF Score™: 78/100 with 4 warning signs

No single metric tells the full story. See the XSGO:IAM stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.


Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas Business Description

Address Avda. Presidente Balmaceda N 1398, Floor 14, Santiago, CHL
Inversiones Aguas Metropolitanas SA provides water transport and sanitation services. Through the operation of its sanitation companies, the company offers comprehensive management of the water cycle, a process that includes the capture of raw water; production, transport and distribution of potable water; and collection, treatment, and disposal of wastewater. The company organized into two business segments: Water and Non-water. The Water segment consists only of sanitation services. The Non-Water segment consists of services related to environmental analysis, liquid waste treatment (Riles), comprehensive engineering services, plus the sale of products related to the sanitation services and energy projects.
78GF Score

Get the complete analysis for XSGO:IAM

Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.

CLP917.94
Price
CLP831.75
GF Value