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Richard Sloan from the University of Michigan was first to document what is referred to as the "accrual anomaly". His 1996 paper found that shares of companies with small or negative accruals vastly outperform (+10%) those of companies with large ones.
When sloan ratio (-210.17)% higher than 25% or lower than -25%, earnings are more likely to be made up of accruals.
As of Dec. 2025, Protagenic Therapeutics has a Sloan Ratio of 0.00%, indicating the company is in the safe zone and there is no funny business with accruals.
Protagenic Therapeutics (OTCPK:PTIX) Sloan Ratio % Explanation
A former University of Michigan researcher, Richard Sloan's 1996 paper found that shares of companies with small or negative accruals vastly outperform (+10%) those of companies with large ones. In fact, for the 40-year period between 1962 and 2001, buying the lowest accrual companies and shorting the highest accrual companies resulted in an average annual compounded return of 18%, more than double the S&P 500's 7.4% annual return over the same period.
If the Sloan Ratio is between -10% and 10%, the company is in the safe zone and there is no funny business with accruals.
If the Sloan Ratio is less than between -25% and -10% on the negative side, and between 10% and 25% on the positive side, this is a warning stage of accrual build up.
If the Sloan Ratio is less than -25% or greater than 25%, and this ratio is consistent over several quarters or even years, be careful. Earnings are highly likely to be made up of accruals.
As of Dec. 2025, Protagenic Therapeutics has a Sloan Ratio of 0.00%, indicating the company is in the safe zone and there is no funny business with accruals.
Protagenic Therapeutics Sloan Ratio % Related Terms
Protagenic Therapeutics Sloan Ratio % Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
PTIX vs CERO, CYTOF, CARM: Sloan Ratio % Comparison
For the Biotechnology subindustry, Protagenic Therapeutics's Sloan Ratio %, along with its competitors' market caps and Sloan Ratio % data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Protagenic Therapeutics Sloan Ratio % vs Biotechnology Industry
For the Biotechnology industry and Healthcare sector, Protagenic Therapeutics's Sloan Ratio % distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Protagenic Therapeutics's Sloan Ratio % falls into.
Earnings contain a lot of non cash earnings which is called accruals. The Sloan ratio is a way to identify firms with low non-cash or accrual-derived earnings relative to their cash flow.
Protagenic Therapeutics's Sloan Ratio for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2024 is calculated as
Protagenic Therapeutics's Net Income for the trailing twelve months (TTM) ended in Dec. 2025 was -1.44 (Mar. 2025 ) + -5.058 (Jun. 2025 ) + -0.869 (Sep. 2025 ) + 2.211 (Dec. 2025 ) = $-5.16 Mil.
Protagenic Therapeutics's Cash Flow from Operations for the trailing twelve months (TTM) ended in Dec. 2025 was -1.068 (Mar. 2025 ) + -1.167 (Jun. 2025 ) + -1.395 (Sep. 2025 ) + -0.51 (Dec. 2025 ) = $-4.14 Mil.
Protagenic Therapeutics's Cash Flow from Investing for the trailing twelve months (TTM) ended in Dec. 2025 was 0 (Mar. 2025 ) + 0.943 (Jun. 2025 ) + 0 (Sep. 2025 ) + 0 (Dec. 2025 ) = $0.94 Mil.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Protagenic Therapeutics (PTIX) has a Sloan Ratio % of 0.00% as of Dec. 2025. Sloan ratio measures earnings quality based on the amount of accruals. View historical data on Protagenic Therapeutics and its competitors.
Is Protagenic Therapeutics' Sloan Ratio % too high?
Protagenic Therapeutics' current Sloan Ratio % is 0.00%. Overall, Protagenic Therapeutics has a GF Score™ of 22/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Protagenic Therapeutics' Sloan Ratio % compare to CERO and CYTOF?
Protagenic Therapeutics' Sloan Ratio % of 0.00% can be compared against companies in the Biotechnology industry. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Sloan Ratio % for a Biotechnology company?
A good Sloan Ratio % depends on the Biotechnology industry context. However, Sloan Ratio % should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Sloan Ratio % mean?
A high Sloan Ratio % can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. Sloan ratio measures earnings quality based on the amount of accruals. View historical data on Protagenic Therapeutics and its competitors. Protagenic Therapeutics's current Sloan Ratio % is 0.00%. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Protagenic Therapeutics stock overvalued right now?
Protagenic Therapeutics (PTIX) has a current Sloan Ratio % of 0.00%. The current Sloan Ratio % is 0.00%. Protagenic Therapeutics' overall GF Score™ is 22/100 with 2 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Sloan Ratio % calculated?
Sloan Ratio % is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Protagenic Therapeutics (PTIX), the current Sloan Ratio % is 0.00% as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Protagenic Therapeutics Inc is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery and development of therapeutics to treat stress-related neuropsychiatric and mood disorders. It provides treatments for mood, anxiety, depression, and neurodegenerative disorders by using peptide-based and brain-active therapeutics. The company's main compound, PT00114, is a synthetic form of Teneurin Carboxy-terminal Associated Peptide, an endogenous brain signaling peptide that can dampen overactive stress responses. It has also created a portfolio of novel neuropeptides that are in various stages of development and preclinical evaluation for the treatment of mood disorders.
22GF Score
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