PSKRF (Protector Forsikring ASA) Beneish M-Score: 5.40 (As of Jun. 25, 2026)


PSKRF Protector Forsikring ASA PSKRF
59 GF Score
Price $48.62
GF Value $36.47
Valuation Significantly Overvalued
! 3 Warning Signs
View Full Analysis

What is Protector Forsikring ASA Beneish M-Score?

Protector Forsikring ASA PSKRF +0.04% 59 Beneish M-Score is 5.40 as of Jun. 25, 2026. GuruFocus rates PSKRF with a GF Score™ of 59/100 and a GF Value™ of $36.47 (Significantly Overvalued). The stock has 3 warning signs investors should review. Among 397 Insurance companies, Protector Forsikring ASA ranks worse than 98.24% on this metric.

Note: Financial institutions were excluded from the sample in Beneish paper when calculating Beneish M-Score. Thus, the prediction might not fit banks and insurance companies.

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Warning Sign:

Beneish M-Score 5.4 higher than -1.78, which implies that the company might have manipulated its financial results.

The historical rank and industry rank for Protector Forsikring ASA's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

PSKRF' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.05   Med: -2.26   Max: 5.4
Current: 5.4

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Protector Forsikring ASA was 5.40. The lowest was -3.05. And the median was -2.26.

PSKRF
59GF Score
Protector Forsikring ASA PSKRF
Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Score™, valuation, warning signs, and more.
View Full Analysis

Protector Forsikring ASA Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Protector Forsikring ASA for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 9.5032+0.528 * 1+0.404 * 0.9883+0.892 * 1.2098+0.115 * 1
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1+4.679 * 0.017541-0.327 * 0.8389
=5.66

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Mar26) TTM:Last Year (Mar25) TTM:
Total Receivables was $43 Mil.
Revenue was 334.106 + 388.843 + 346.673 + 381.122 = $1,451 Mil.
Gross Profit was 334.106 + 388.843 + 346.673 + 381.122 = $1,451 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $0 Mil.
Total Assets was $2,931 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $42 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $242 Mil.
Net Income was 15.634 + 69.754 + 46.163 + 71.23 = $203 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = $0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 75.477 + 79.747 + -34.999 + 31.138 = $151 Mil.
 Total Receivables was $4 Mil.
Revenue was 341.443 + 259.795 + 317.06 + 280.818 = $1,199 Mil.
Gross Profit was 341.443 + 259.795 + 317.06 + 280.818 = $1,199 Mil.
Total Current Assets was $0 Mil.
Total Assets was $2,555 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $6 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $0 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was $0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $252 Mil.

1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(43.07 / 1450.744) / (3.746 / 1199.116)
=0.029688 / 0.003124
=9.5032

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(1199.116 / 1199.116) / (1450.744 / 1450.744)
=1 / 1
=1

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (0 + 41.517) / 2931.377) / (1 - (0 + 6.368) / 2555.206)
=0.985837 / 0.997508
=0.9883

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=1450.744 / 1199.116
=1.2098

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0 / (0 + 6.368)) / (0 / (0 + 41.517))
=0 / 0
=1

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0 / 1450.744) / (0 / 1199.116)
=0 / 0
=1

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((242.271 + 0) / 2931.377) / ((251.728 + 0) / 2555.206)
=0.082648 / 0.098516
=0.8389

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(202.781 - 0 - 151.363) / 2931.377
=0.017541

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Protector Forsikring ASA has a M-score of 5.66 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Frequently Asked Questions Learn more about Beneish M-Score →
What does a Beneish M-Score of 5.40 mean?
Protector Forsikring ASA (PSKRF) has a Beneish M-Score of 5.40 as of Jun. 25, 2026. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Protector Forsikring ASA and its competitors. According to the industry distribution chart, Protector Forsikring ASA ranks #390 out of 397 companies in the Insurance industry, placing it in the top 98.2%.
Is Protector Forsikring ASA's Beneish M-Score too high?
Protector Forsikring ASA's current Beneish M-Score is 5.40. Based on the distribution chart, Protector Forsikring ASA ranks #390 out of 397 companies in the Insurance industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, Protector Forsikring ASA has a GF Score™ of 59/100 and is considered Significantly Overvalued, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Protector Forsikring ASA's Beneish M-Score compare to FNF and AXS?
According to the Insurance industry distribution chart, Protector Forsikring ASA ranks #390 out of 397 companies for Beneish M-Score. This places Protector Forsikring ASA in the lower half of its industry. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Beneish M-Score for an Insurance company?
A good Beneish M-Score depends on the Insurance industry context. However, Beneish M-Score should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Beneish M-Score mean?
A high Beneish M-Score can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. The Beneish M-score measures the likelihood of earnings manipulation. View historical data on Protector Forsikring ASA and its competitors. Protector Forsikring ASA's current Beneish M-Score is 5.40. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Protector Forsikring ASA stock overvalued right now?
Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Protector Forsikring ASA (PSKRF) is currently considered Significantly Overvalued. The stock's GF Value™ is $36.47, compared to a current price of $48.62 — trading 33.3% above its estimated fair value. The current Beneish M-Score is 5.40. Protector Forsikring ASA's overall GF Score™ is 59/100 with 3 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Beneish M-Score calculated?
Beneish M-Score is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Protector Forsikring ASA (PSKRF), the current Beneish M-Score is 5.40 as of Jun. 25, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.

Is Protector Forsikring ASA (PSKRF) Overvalued in 2026?

Based on GuruFocus' analysis, Protector Forsikring ASA stock appears to be overvalued. The current stock price of $48.62 is trading 33.3% above its estimated GF Value™ of $36.47. GuruFocus considers Protector Forsikring ASA to be Significantly Overvalued.

Key valuation signals for PSKRF:

  • Beneish M-Score: 5.40
  • GF Value™: $36.47 vs. price of $48.62 (33.3% above fair value)
  • GF Score™: 59/100 with 3 warning signs

No single metric tells the full story. See the PSKRF stock analysis page for a complete view including 30-year financials, guru trades, and insider activity.

Protector Forsikring ASA Business Description

Address Stoperigata 2, PB 1351 Vika, Oslo, NOR, 0113
Protector Forsikring ASA developer of a general P&C and employee benefits insurance provider designed to deliver cost and quality leadership in the insurance industry. The company offers standardized insurance products, all core systems insourced and developed in-house, enabling brokers and businesses across multiple countries to access competitive pricing and a value-based performance culture.
59GF Score

Get the complete analysis for PSKRF

Beneish M-Score is just one metric. See GF Value™, 30-year financials, guru trades, warning signs, and more.

$48.62
Price
$36.47
GF Value