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The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Good Sign:
Beneish M-Score -2.29 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
The historical rank and industry rank for Research Solutions's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:
During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Research Solutions was 144.88. The lowest was -4.08. And the median was -2.87.
The historical data trend for Research Solutions's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Research Solutions Annual Data | |||||||||||||||||||||
Trend | Jun15 | Jun16 | Jun17 | Jun18 | Jun19 | Jun20 | Jun21 | Jun22 | Jun23 | Jun24 | |||||||||||
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | -3.79 | -3.42 | -2.56 | 142.03 | 9.01 |
Research Solutions Quarterly Data | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dec19 | Mar20 | Jun20 | Sep20 | Dec20 | Mar21 | Jun21 | Sep21 | Dec21 | Mar22 | Jun22 | Sep22 | Dec22 | Mar23 | Jun23 | Sep23 | Dec23 | Mar24 | Jun24 | Sep24 | |
Beneish M-Score | Get a 7-Day Free Trial | 1.88 | 13.51 | 9.72 | 9.01 | -2.29 |
For the Software - Application subindustry, Research Solutions's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
For the Software industry and Technology sector, Research Solutions's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Research Solutions's Beneish M-Score falls into.
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Research Solutions for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
= | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.8176 | + | 0.528 * 0.8584 | + | 0.404 * 2.6648 | + | 0.892 * 1.1926 | + | 0.115 * 0.5736 | |
- | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI | |||||||
- | 0.172 * 0.9355 | + | 4.679 * -0.106235 | - | 0.327 * 0.6253 | |||||||
= | -2.29 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
This Year (Sep24) TTM: | Last Year (Sep23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was $6.30 Mil. Revenue was 12.044 + 12.134 + 12.116 + 10.314 = $46.61 Mil. Gross Profit was 5.766 + 5.643 + 5.482 + 4.484 = $21.38 Mil. Total Current Assets was $14.45 Mil. Total Assets was $41.36 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.07 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $1.09 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $13.83 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $16.30 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $0.00 Mil. Net Income was 0.669 + -2.821 + 0.076 + -0.054 = $-2.13 Mil. Non Operating Income was 0.173 + -3.458 + 0.009 + 0.39 = $-2.89 Mil. Cash Flow from Operations was 0.843 + 1.961 + 2.017 + 0.329 = $5.15 Mil. |
Total Receivables was $6.46 Mil. Revenue was 10.061 + 9.96 + 10.342 + 8.717 = $39.08 Mil. Gross Profit was 4.032 + 3.921 + 4.027 + 3.404 = $15.38 Mil. Total Current Assets was $17.82 Mil. Total Assets was $23.68 Mil. Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was $0.09 Mil. Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was $0.11 Mil. Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was $12.39 Mil. Total Current Liabilities was $14.93 Mil. Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was $0.00 Mil. |
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
= | (6.299 / 46.608) | / | (6.46 / 39.08) | |
= | 0.135148 | / | 0.165302 | |
= | 0.8176 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
= | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) | |
= | (15.384 / 39.08) | / | (21.375 / 46.608) | |
= | 0.393654 | / | 0.458612 | |
= | 0.8584 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | (1 - (14.445 + 0.072) / 41.361) | / | (1 - (17.824 + 0.091) / 23.683) | |
= | 0.649017 | / | 0.24355 | |
= | 2.6648 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
= | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 | |
= | 46.608 | / | 39.08 | |
= | 1.1926 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
= | (0.106 / (0.106 + 0.091)) | / | (1.089 / (1.089 + 0.072)) | |
= | 0.538071 | / | 0.937984 | |
= | 0.5736 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
= | (13.828 / 46.608) | / | (12.394 / 39.08) | |
= | 0.296687 | / | 0.317144 | |
= | 0.9355 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
= | ((0 + 16.304) / 41.361) | / | ((0 + 14.929) / 23.683) | |
= | 0.394188 | / | 0.630368 | |
= | 0.6253 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
= | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t | |
= | (-2.13 - -2.886 | - | 5.15) | / | 41.361 | |
= | -0.106235 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Research Solutions has a M-score of -2.29 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Research Solutions's Beneish M-Score provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Peter Derycz | director, 10 percent owner, officer: CEO & President | 207 10TH STREET, SANTA MONICA CA 90402 |
Bristol Capital Advisors, Llc | other: See Explanation of Responses | 555 MARIN STREET, SUITE 140, THOUSAND OAKS CA 91360 |
Bristol Investment Fund Ltd | other: See Explanation of Responses | 89 NEXUS WAY, CAMANA BAY, PO BOX 311063, GRAND CAYMAN E9 KY1-1205 |
Paul Kessler | other: See Explanation of Responses | 555 MARIN STREET, SUITE 140, THOUSAND OAKS CA 91360 |
Janice M Peterson | other: See Explanation of Responses | 10990 WILSHIRE BOULEVARD, STE 1410, LOS ANGELES CA 90024 |
Roy W Olivier | director | 11425 WEST LAKE PARK DRIVE, SUITE 900, MILWAUKEE WI 53224 |
Barbara J. Cooperman | director | 10624 S. EASTERN AVENUE, SUITE A-614, HENDERSON NV 89052 |
Eugene Vlad Robin | director | 2508 FISK LANE, REDONDO BEACH CA 90278 |
William Nurthen | officer: CFO & Secretary | 500 N. DEARBORN, SUITE 1200, CHICAGO IL 60610 |
Shane Alan Hunt | officer: Chief Customer Success Officer | C/O RESEARCH SOLUTIONS, INC., 10624 S. EASTERN AVE, SUITE A-614, HENDERSON NV 89052 |
Alan Louis Urban | officer: CFO & Secretary | 1524 CLOVERFIELD BOULEVARD, SUITE E, SANTA MONICA CA 90404 |
Marc Nissan | officer: Chief Technology Officer | C/O RESEARCH SOLUTIONS, INC., 15821 VENTURA BLVD. SUITE 165, ENCINO CA 91436 |
12 West Capital Management Lp | 10 percent owner | 475 TENTH AVENUE, 14TH FLOOR, NEW YORK NY 10018 |
Van Der Heijden Michiel | officer: Chief Product Officer | 10624 S. EASTERN AVE.., STE, A-614, HENDERSON NV 89052 |
Erkel Rogier Van | officer: Chief Sales Officer | C/O RESEARCH SOLUTIONS, INC., 15821 VENTURA BLVD. SUITE 165, ENCINO CA 91436 |
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