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Harley-Davidson (BUE:HOG) Piotroski F-Score : 5 (As of Apr. 01, 2025)


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What is Harley-Davidson Piotroski F-Score?

The zones of discrimination were as such:

Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3

Harley-Davidson has an F-score of 6 indicating the company's financial situation is typical for a stable company.

The historical rank and industry rank for Harley-Davidson's Piotroski F-Score or its related term are showing as below:

BUE:HOG' s Piotroski F-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 5   Med: 5   Max: 7
Current: 5

During the past 13 years, the highest Piotroski F-Score of Harley-Davidson was 7. The lowest was 5. And the median was 5.


Harley-Davidson Piotroski F-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Harley-Davidson's Piotroski F-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Harley-Davidson Piotroski F-Score Chart

Harley-Davidson Annual Data
Trend Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23 Dec24
Piotroski F-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 5.00 7.00 7.00 6.00 5.00

Harley-Davidson Quarterly Data
Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24 Jun24 Sep24 Dec24
Piotroski F-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only 6.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00

Competitive Comparison of Harley-Davidson's Piotroski F-Score

For the Recreational Vehicles subindustry, Harley-Davidson's Piotroski F-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Piotroski F-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Harley-Davidson's Piotroski F-Score Distribution in the Vehicles & Parts Industry

For the Vehicles & Parts industry and Consumer Cyclical sector, Harley-Davidson's Piotroski F-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Harley-Davidson's Piotroski F-Score falls into.


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How is the Piotroski F-Score calculated?

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec24) TTM:Last Year (Dec23) TTM:
Net Income was 197937.796 + 195459.887 + 113147.515 + -118060.921 = ARS388,484 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 87617.474 + 424149.091 + 335538.842 + 134509.781 = ARS981,815 Mil.
Revenue was 1457193.922 + 1449718.661 + 1093735.549 + 694485.097 = ARS4,695,133 Mil.
Gross Profit was 519980.056 + 538320.862 + 415988.208 + 154649.182 = ARS1,628,938 Mil.
Average Total Assets from the begining of this year (Dec23)
to the end of this year (Dec24) was
(4382739.998 + 10392170.277 + 11426796.548 + 12381838.835 + 12000394.91) / 5 = ARS10116788.1136 Mil.
Total Assets at the begining of this year (Dec23) was ARS4,382,740 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was ARS4,561,246 Mil.
Total Current Assets was ARS5,046,603 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was ARS3,593,069 Mil.
Net Income was 60072.981 + 42729.36 + 69517.219 + 9316.688 = ARS181,636 Mil.

Revenue was 353354.928 + 346925.517 + 542093.212 + 380208.81 = ARS1,622,582 Mil.
Gross Profit was 139833.005 + 136533.599 + 200028.976 + 120383.753 = ARS596,779 Mil.
Average Total Assets from the begining of last year (Dec22)
to the end of last year (Dec23) was
(1926713.548 + 2376444.572 + 2883734.617 + 4361152.609 + 4382739.998) / 5 = ARS3186157.0688 Mil.
Total Assets at the begining of last year (Dec22) was ARS1,926,714 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was ARS1,820,319 Mil.
Total Current Assets was ARS1,864,106 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was ARS1,221,719 Mil.

*Note: If the latest quarterly/semi-annual/annual total assets data is 0, then we will use previous quarterly/semi-annual/annual data for all the items in the balance sheet.

Profitability

Question 1. Return on Assets (ROA)

Net income before extraordinary items for the year divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.

Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.

Harley-Davidson's current Net Income (TTM) was 388,484. ==> Positive ==> Score 1.

Question 2. Cash Flow Return on Assets (CFROA)

Net cash flow from operating activities (operating cash flow) divided by Total Assets at the beginning of the year.

Score 1 if positive, 0 if negative.

Harley-Davidson's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 981,815. ==> Positive ==> Score 1.

Question 3. Change in Return on Assets

Compare this year's return on assets (1) to last year's return on assets.

Score 1 if it's higher, 0 if it's lower.

ROA (This Year)=Net Income/Total Assets (Dec23)
=388484.277/4382739.998
=0.08863959

ROA (Last Year)=Net Income/Total Assets (Dec22)
=181636.248/1926713.548
=0.09427258

Harley-Davidson's return on assets of this year was 0.08863959. Harley-Davidson's return on assets of last year was 0.09427258. ==> Last year is higher ==> Score 0.

Question 4. Quality of Earnings (Accrual)

Compare Cash flow return on assets (2) to return on assets (1)

Score 1 if CFROA > ROA, 0 if CFROA <= ROA.

Harley-Davidson's current Net Income (TTM) was 388,484. Harley-Davidson's current Cash Flow from Operations (TTM) was 981,815. ==> 981,815 > 388,484 ==> CFROA > ROA ==> Score 1.

Funding

Question 5. Change in Gearing or Leverage

Compare this year's gearing (long-term debt divided by average total assets) to last year's gearing.

Score 0 if this year's gearing is higher, 1 otherwise.

Gearing (This Year: Dec24)=Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation/Average Total Assets from Dec23 to Dec24
=4561245.896/10116788.1136
=0.45085909

Gearing (Last Year: Dec23)=Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation/Average Total Assets from Dec22 to Dec23
=1820318.676/3186157.0688
=0.57132107

Harley-Davidson's gearing of this year was 0.45085909. Harley-Davidson's gearing of last year was 0.57132107. ==> This year is lower or equal to last year. ==> Score 1.

Question 6. Change in Working Capital (Liquidity)

Compare this year's current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) to last year's current ratio.

Score 1 if this year's current ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower

Current Ratio (This Year: Dec24)=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities
=5046603.42/3593068.976
=1.40453842

Current Ratio (Last Year: Dec23)=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities
=1864106.171/1221719.305
=1.52580561

Harley-Davidson's current ratio of this year was 1.40453842. Harley-Davidson's current ratio of last year was 1.52580561. ==> Last year's current ratio is higher ==> Score 0.

Question 7. Change in Shares in Issue

Compare the number of shares in issue this year, to the number in issue last year.

Score 0 if there is larger number of shares in issue this year, 1 otherwise.

Harley-Davidson's number of shares in issue this year was 42.399. Harley-Davidson's number of shares in issue last year was 47.141. ==> There is smaller number of shares in issue this year, or the same. ==> Score 1.

Efficiency

Question 8. Change in Gross Margin

Compare this year's gross margin (Gross Profit divided by sales) to last year's.

Score 1 if this year's gross margin is higher, 0 if it's lower.

Gross Margin (This Year: TTM)=Gross Profit/Revenue
=1628938.308/4695133.229
=0.34694187

Gross Margin (Last Year: TTM)=Gross Profit/Revenue
=596779.333/1622582.467
=0.367796

Harley-Davidson's gross margin of this year was 0.34694187. Harley-Davidson's gross margin of last year was 0.367796. ==> Last year's gross margin is higher ==> Score 0.

Question 9. Change in asset turnover

Compare this year's asset turnover (total sales for the year divided by total assets at the beginning of the year) to last year's asset turnover ratio.

Score 1 if this year's asset turnover ratio is higher, 0 if it's lower

Asset Turnover (This Year)=Revenue/Total Assets at the Beginning of This Year (Dec23)
=4695133.229/4382739.998
=1.07127807

Asset Turnover (Last Year)=Revenue/Total Assets at the Beginning of Last Year (Dec22)
=1622582.467/1926713.548
=0.84215034

Harley-Davidson's asset turnover of this year was 1.07127807. Harley-Davidson's asset turnover of last year was 0.84215034. ==> This year's asset turnover is higher. ==> Score 1.

Evaluation

Piotroski F-Score= Que. 1+ Que. 2+ Que. 3+Que. 4+Que. 5+Que. 6+Que. 7+Que. 8+Que. 9
=1+1+0+1+1+0+1+0+1
=6

Good or high score = 7, 8, 9
Bad or low score = 0, 1, 2, 3

Harley-Davidson has an F-score of 6 indicating the company's financial situation is typical for a stable company.

Harley-Davidson  (BUE:HOG) Piotroski F-Score Explanation

The developer of the system is Joseph D. Piotroski is relatively unknown accounting professor who shuns publicity and rarely gives interviews.

He graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in accounting in 1989, received an M.B.A. from Indiana University in 1994. Five years later, in 1999, after earning a Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Michigan, he became an associate professor of accounting at the University of Chicago.

In 2000, he wrote a research paper called "Value Investing: The Use of Historical Financial Statement Information to Separate Winners from Losers" (pdf).

He wanted to see if he can develop a system (using a simple nine-point scoring system) that can increase the returns of a strategy of investing in low price to book (referred to in the paper as high book to market) value companies.

What he found was something that exceeded his most optimistic expectations.

Buying only those companies that scored highest (8 or 9) on his nine-point scale, or F-Score as he called it, over the 20 year period from 1976 to 1996 led to an average out-performance over the market of 13.4%.

Even more impressive were the results of a strategy of investing in the highest F-Score companies (8 or 9) and shorting companies with the lowest F-Score (0 or 1).

Over the same period from 1976 to 1996 (20 years) this strategy led to an average yearly return of 23%, substantially outperforming the average S&P 500 index return of 15.83% over the same period.


Harley-Davidson Piotroski F-Score Related Terms

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Harley-Davidson Business Description

Address
3700 West Juneau Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, USA, 53208
Harley-Davidson is a leading global manufacturer of heavyweight motorcycles across the custom, cruising, and touring segments, as well as related merchandise, parts, and accessories. In recent years, the firm has expanded into the adventure touring market with its Pan America model and into electric with the LiveWire brand. Its captive finance arm, Harley-Davidson Financial Services, provides wholesale financing to dealers and retail financing and insurance brokerage services to customers. Harley captured around 37% of the heavyweight domestic market in 2024.