Ally Financial Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of Ally Financial for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 1.2492 | + | 0.528 * 1 | + | 0.404 * 1.0062 | + | 0.892 * 0.9628 | + | 0.115 * 1.0044 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 1.0236 | + | 4.679 * -0.014222 | - | 0.327 * 0.9375 |
| = | -2.33 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Sep24) TTM: | Last Year (Sep23) TTM: |
Total Receivables was MXN22,604 Mil.
Revenue was 45169.548 + 39663.023 + 36478.569 + 38871.028 = MXN160,182 Mil.
Gross Profit was 45169.548 + 39663.023 + 36478.569 + 38871.028 = MXN160,182 Mil.
Total Current Assets was MXN0 Mil.
Total Assets was MXN3,799,854 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was MXN190,405 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was MXN22,413 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was MXN59,285 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was MXN0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was MXN259,361 Mil.
Net Income was 7029.437 + 5386.11 + 2605.612 + 1290.043 = MXN16,311 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = MXN0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 19532.778 + 28854.162 + 22255.578 + -288.562 = MXN70,354 Mil.
|
Total Receivables was MXN18,795 Mil.
Revenue was 37833.844 + 38813.79 + 42250.6 + 47472.76 = MXN166,371 Mil.
Gross Profit was 37833.844 + 38813.79 + 42250.6 + 47472.76 = MXN166,371 Mil.
Total Current Assets was MXN0 Mil.
Total Assets was MXN3,408,948 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was MXN190,754 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was MXN22,564 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was MXN60,158 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was MXN0 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was MXN248,184 Mil.
|
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (22604.464 / 160182.168) | / | (18794.99 / 166370.994) |
| = | 0.141117 | / | 0.11297 |
| | = | 1.2492 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (166370.994 / 166370.994) | / | (160182.168 / 160182.168) |
| = | 1 | / | 1 |
| | = | 1 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (0 + 190405.201) / 3799853.787) | / | (1 - (0 + 190754.341) / 3408947.819) |
| = | 0.949891 | / | 0.944043 |
| | = | 1.0062 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 160182.168 | / | 166370.994 |
| | = | 0.9628 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (22563.569 / (22563.569 + 190754.341)) | / | (22412.514 / (22412.514 + 190405.201)) |
| = | 0.105774 | / | 0.105313 |
| | = | 1.0044 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (59285.131 / 160182.168) | / | (60157.739 / 166370.994) |
| = | 0.370111 | / | 0.361588 |
| | = | 1.0236 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((259360.632 + 0) / 3799853.787) | / | ((248184.444 + 0) / 3408947.819) |
| = | 0.068255 | / | 0.072804 |
| | = | 0.9375 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (16311.202 - 0 | - | 70353.956) | / | 3799853.787 |
| | = | -0.014222 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Ally Financial has a M-score of -2.33 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
MEX:ALLY1 has been successfully added to your