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Cloudia Research SpAFRA:ZP2 16 Debt-to-Equity is 0.61 as of Dec. 2025, which is 35% below its 10-year median of 0.94. GuruFocus rates FRA:ZP2 with a GF Score™ of 16/100. The stock has 4 warning signs investors should review. Among 2,241 Software companies, Cloudia Research SpA ranks worse than 74.61% on this metric.
A high debt to equity ratio generally means that a company has been aggressive in financing its growth with debt. This can result in volatile earnings as a result of the additional interest expense.
The historical rank and industry rank for Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:ZP2'
s Debt-to-Equity Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 0.29 Med: 0.94 Max: 2.37
Current: 0.61
During the past 5 years, the highest Debt-to-Equity Ratio of Cloudia Research SpA was 2.37. The lowest was 0.29. And the median was 0.94.
FRA:ZP2's Debt-to-Equity is ranked worse than 74.61% of 2241
companies
in the Software industry
Industry Median: 0.19
vs FRA:ZP2: 0.61
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) Debt-to-Equity Explanation
Because a company can increase its ROE % by having more financial leverage, it is important to watch the leverage ratio when investing in high ROE % companies.
Cloudia Research SpA Debt-to-Equity Related Terms
Cloudia Research SpA Debt-to-Equity Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
FRA:ZP2 vs IBM, ACN, FISV: Debt-to-Equity Comparison
For the Information Technology Services subindustry, Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity, along with its competitors' market caps and Debt-to-Equity data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Cloudia Research SpA Debt-to-Equity vs Software Industry
For the Software industry and Technology sector, Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) has a Debt-to-Equity of 0.61 as of Dec. 2025. Debt-to-Equity ratio represents the ratio of total debt to total company equity. View historical data on Cloudia Research SpA and its competitors. This is 35% below median its historical median of 0.94. Over the past decade, Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity has ranged from 0.29 to 2.37. According to the industry distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #1672 out of 2241 companies in the Software industry, placing it in the top 74.6%.
Is Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity too high?
Cloudia Research SpA's current Debt-to-Equity of 0.61 is 35% below median its 10-year median of 0.94. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 0.29 to a high of 2.37. The Software industry median Debt-to-Equity is 0.19. Cloudia Research SpA's value of 0.61 is 221.1% above this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #1672 out of 2241 companies in the Software industry, which is below the industry midpoint. Overall, Cloudia Research SpA has a GF Score™ of 16/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-Equity compare to IBM and ACN?
According to the Software industry distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #1672 out of 2241 companies for Debt-to-Equity. This places Cloudia Research SpA in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Debt-to-Equity is 0.19. Cloudia Research SpA's value of 0.61 is 221.1% above this benchmark. Historically, Cloudia Research SpA's own Debt-to-Equity has ranged from 0.29 to 2.37 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 0.94 vs. the industry median of 0.19, Cloudia Research SpA has consistently been above the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Debt-to-Equity for a Software company?
The median Debt-to-Equity among Software companies is 0.19, based on 2,241 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Debt-to-Equity significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Debt-to-Equity should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Cloudia Research SpA's current Debt-to-Equity of 0.61 is 221.1% above the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Debt-to-Equity mean?
A high Debt-to-Equity can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. Debt-to-Equity ratio represents the ratio of total debt to total company equity. View historical data on Cloudia Research SpA and its competitors. For the Software industry, the median Debt-to-Equity is 0.19 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Cloudia Research SpA's current Debt-to-Equity is 0.61, which is 35% below median its own 10-year median of 0.94. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Cloudia Research SpA stock overvalued right now?
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) has a current Debt-to-Equity of 0.61. The current Debt-to-Equity is 0.61, which is 35% below median its 10-year median of 0.94 and 221.1% above the Software industry median of 0.19. Cloudia Research SpA's overall GF Score™ is 16/100 with 4 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Debt-to-Equity calculated?
Debt-to-Equity is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2), the current Debt-to-Equity is 0.61 as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Cloudia Research SpA operates in the IT sector, providing services aimed at the digital transformation of business activity. It is engaged in digital transformation process, designing and providing innovative and customized solutions that allows to implement automated and interconnected IT management systems, which replace previous systems, improving operational efficiency and competitiveness.
16GF Score
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