Cloudia Research SpAFRA:ZP2 16 Debt-to-EBITDA is 2.23 as of Dec. 2025, which is 4% above its 10-year median of 2.15. GuruFocus rates FRA:ZP2 with a GF Score™ of 16/100. The stock has 4 warning signs investors should review. Among 1,714 Software companies, Cloudia Research SpA ranks worse than 77.3% on this metric.
Debt-to-EBITDA measures a company's ability to pay off its debt.
A high Debt-to-EBITDA ratio generally means that a company may spend more time to paying off its debt. According to Joel Tillinghast's BIG MONEY THINKS SMALL: Biases, Blind Spots, and Smarter Investing, a ratio of Debt-to-EBITDA exceeding four is usually considered scary unless tangible assets cover the debt.
The historical rank and industry rank for Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:ZP2'
s Debt-to-EBITDA Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 1.39 Med: 2.15 Max: 5.24
Current: 3.26
During the past 5 years, the highest Debt-to-EBITDA Ratio of Cloudia Research SpA was 5.24. The lowest was 1.39. And the median was 2.15.
FRA:ZP2's Debt-to-EBITDA is ranked worse than 77.3% of 1714
companies
in the Software industry
Industry Median: 1.09
vs FRA:ZP2: 3.26
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) Debt-to-EBITDA Explanation
A high Debt-to-EBITDA ratio generally means that a company may spend more time to paying off its debt.
According to Joel Tillinghast's BIG MONEY THINKS SMALL: Biases, Blind Spots, and Smarter Investing, a ratio of Debt-to-EBITDA exceeding four is usually considered scary unless tangible assets cover the debt.
Cloudia Research SpA Debt-to-EBITDA Related Terms
Cloudia Research SpA Debt-to-EBITDA Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
FRA:ZP2 vs IBM, ACN, FISV: Debt-to-EBITDA Comparison
For the Information Technology Services subindustry, Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA, along with its competitors' market caps and Debt-to-EBITDA data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Cloudia Research SpA Debt-to-EBITDA vs Software Industry
For the Software industry and Technology sector, Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA falls into.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
In the calculation of annual Debt-to-EBITDA, the EBITDA of the last fiscal year is used. In calculating the annualized quarterly data,
the EBITDA data used here is two times the quarterly (Dec. 2025) EBITDA data.
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) has a Debt-to-EBITDA of 2.23 as of Dec. 2025. Debt-to-EBITDA ratio represents the ratio of total debt to total earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. View historical data on Cloudia Research SpA. This is near median its historical median of 2.15. Over the past decade, Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA has ranged from 1.39 to 5.24. According to the industry distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #1325 out of 1714 companies in the Software industry, placing it in the top 77.3%.
Is Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA too high?
Cloudia Research SpA's current Debt-to-EBITDA of 2.23 is near median its 10-year median of 2.15. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 1.39 to a high of 5.24. The Software industry median Debt-to-EBITDA is 1.09. Cloudia Research SpA's value of 2.23 is 104.6% above this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #1325 out of 1714 companies in the Software industry, which is in the bottom quartile relative to peers. Overall, Cloudia Research SpA has a GF Score™ of 16/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Cloudia Research SpA's Debt-to-EBITDA compare to IBM and ACN?
According to the Software industry distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #1325 out of 1714 companies for Debt-to-EBITDA. This places Cloudia Research SpA in the lower half of its industry. The industry median Debt-to-EBITDA is 1.09. Cloudia Research SpA's value of 2.23 is 104.6% above this benchmark. Historically, Cloudia Research SpA's own Debt-to-EBITDA has ranged from 1.39 to 5.24 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 2.15 vs. the industry median of 1.09, Cloudia Research SpA has consistently been above the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good Debt-to-EBITDA for a Software company?
The median Debt-to-EBITDA among Software companies is 1.09, based on 1,714 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a Debt-to-EBITDA significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, Debt-to-EBITDA should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Cloudia Research SpA's current Debt-to-EBITDA of 2.23 is 104.6% above the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high Debt-to-EBITDA mean?
A high Debt-to-EBITDA can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. Debt-to-EBITDA ratio represents the ratio of total debt to total earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. View historical data on Cloudia Research SpA. For the Software industry, the median Debt-to-EBITDA is 1.09 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Cloudia Research SpA's current Debt-to-EBITDA is 2.23, which is near median its own 10-year median of 2.15. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Cloudia Research SpA stock overvalued right now?
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) has a current Debt-to-EBITDA of 2.23. The current Debt-to-EBITDA is 2.23, which is near median its 10-year median of 2.15 and 104.6% above the Software industry median of 1.09. Cloudia Research SpA's overall GF Score™ is 16/100 with 4 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is Debt-to-EBITDA calculated?
Debt-to-EBITDA is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2), the current Debt-to-EBITDA is 2.23 as of Dec. 2025. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Cloudia Research SpA operates in the IT sector, providing services aimed at the digital transformation of business activity. It is engaged in digital transformation process, designing and providing innovative and customized solutions that allows to implement automated and interconnected IT management systems, which replace previous systems, improving operational efficiency and competitiveness.
16GF Score
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