SAB Finance AS Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for SAB Finance AS's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
SAB Finance AS Beneish M-Score Chart
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SAB Finance AS Annual Data
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Trend |
Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Dec19 |
Dec20 |
Dec21 |
Dec22 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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-2.32 |
-2.65 |
128.03 |
222.38 |
3.49 |
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SAB Finance AS Semi-Annual Data
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Dec17 |
Dec18 |
Jun19 |
Dec19 |
Jun20 |
Dec20 |
Jun21 |
Dec21 |
Jun22 |
Dec22 |
Jun23 |
Dec23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
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128.03 |
- |
222.38 |
- |
3.49 |
Competitive Comparison of SAB Finance AS's Beneish M-Score
For the Capital Markets subindustry, SAB Finance AS's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
SAB Finance AS's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Capital Markets Industry
For the Capital Markets industry and Financial Services sector, SAB Finance AS's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where SAB Finance AS's Beneish M-Score falls into.
SAB Finance AS Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of SAB Finance AS for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 9.7692 | + | 0.528 * 0.1673 | + | 0.404 * 0.7232 | + | 0.892 * 0.1649 | + | 0.115 * 0.6083 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 6.7898 | + | 4.679 * 0.017328 | - | 0.327 * 0.5138 |
| = | 3.49 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (Dec23) TTM: | Last Year (Dec22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was Kč9,084.61 Mil.
Revenue was Kč0.29 Mil.
Gross Profit was Kč-168.45 Mil.
Total Current Assets was Kč11,141.51 Mil.
Total Assets was Kč14,979.60 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was Kč180.60 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was Kč33.16 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was Kč140.46 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was Kč848.73 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was Kč628.11 Mil.
Net Income was Kč225.26 Mil.
Gross Profit was Kč0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was Kč-34.31 Mil.
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Total Receivables was Kč5,640.90 Mil.
Revenue was Kč1.75 Mil.
Gross Profit was Kč-170.92 Mil.
Total Current Assets was Kč6,850.26 Mil.
Total Assets was Kč10,589.42 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was Kč163.86 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was Kč17.07 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was Kč125.49 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was Kč1,370.25 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was Kč661.55 Mil.
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1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (9084.61 / 0.288) | / | (5640.902 / 1.747) |
| = | 31543.784722 | / | 3228.907842 |
| | = | 9.7692 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (-170.917 / 1.747) | / | (-168.452 / 0.288) |
| = | -97.834574 | / | -584.902778 |
| | = | 0.1673 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (11141.512 + 180.601) / 14979.603) | / | (1 - (6850.256 + 163.857) / 10589.422) |
| = | 0.244165 | / | 0.33763 |
| | = | 0.7232 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 0.288 | / | 1.747 |
| | = | 0.1649 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (17.074 / (17.074 + 163.857)) | / | (33.159 / (33.159 + 180.601)) |
| = | 0.094367 | / | 0.155123 |
| | = | 0.6083 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (140.459 / 0.288) | / | (125.485 / 1.747) |
| = | 487.704861 | / | 71.828849 |
| | = | 6.7898 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((628.114 + 848.734) / 14979.603) | / | ((661.551 + 1370.246) / 10589.422) |
| = | 0.098591 | / | 0.19187 |
| | = | 0.5138 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (225.26 - 0 | - | -34.308) | / | 14979.603 |
| | = | 0.017328 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
SAB Finance AS has a M-score of 3.49 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
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