Cloudia Research SpAFRA:ZP2 16 PB Ratio is 0.60 as of Jun. 29, 2026, which is 63% below its 10-year median of 1.60. GuruFocus rates FRA:ZP2 with a GF Score™ of 16/100. The stock has 4 warning signs investors should review. Among 2,621 Software companies, Cloudia Research SpA ranks better than 90.88% on this metric.
Cloudia Research SpA stock PB Ratio (=0.63) is close to 3-year low of 0.63.
The historical rank and industry rank for Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:ZP2'
s PB Ratio Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 0.63 Med: 1.6 Max: 24.78
Current: 0.63
During the past 5 years, Cloudia Research SpA's highest PB Ratio was 24.78. The lowest was 0.63. And the median was 1.60.
FRA:ZP2's PB Ratio is ranked better than 90.88% of 2621
companies
in the Software industry
Industry Median: 2.33
vs FRA:ZP2: 0.63
During the past 12 months, Cloudia Research SpA's average Book Value Per Share Growth Rate was 1.30% per year.
During the past 3 years, the average Book Value Per Share Growth Rate was 66.50% per year.
During the past 5 years, the highest 3-Year average Book Value Per Share Growth Rate of Cloudia Research SpA was 119.90% per year. The lowest was 66.50% per year. And the median was 93.20% per year.
Back to Basics: PB Ratio
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) PB Ratio Explanation
The PB Ratio works the best for the businesses that earn most of their profit from their assets, e.g. banks and insurance companies.
Be Aware
Some businesses have very light assets, such as software companies or insurance agencies. The PB Ratio does not work well for these companies. Some companies even have negative equity, so the PB Ratio cannot be applied to them.
Cloudia Research SpA PB Ratio Related Terms
Cloudia Research SpA PB Ratio Historical Data
* Premium members only.
The historical data trend for Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
For the Information Technology Services subindustry, Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio, along with its competitors' market caps and PB Ratio data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Cloudia Research SpA PB Ratio vs Software Industry
For the Software industry and Technology sector, Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio falls into.
The PB Ratio, or Price-to-Book ratio, or Price/Book, is a financial ratio used to compare a company's market price to its Book Value per Share. It is a ratio widely used to value stocks.
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
It can also be calculated from the numbers for the whole company:
A closely related ratio is called Price-to-Tangible-Book. The difference between Price-to-Tangible-Book and PB Ratio is that book value other than intangibles are used in the calculation.
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) has a PB Ratio of 0.60 as of Jun. 29, 2026. Price-to-Book ratio is the ratio of share price to a company's book value per share. View historical data on Cloudia Research SpA and its competitors. This is 63% below median its historical median of 1.60. Over the past decade, Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio has ranged from 0.63 to 24.78. According to the industry distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #239 out of 2621 companies in the Software industry, placing it in the top 9.1%.
Is Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio too high?
Cloudia Research SpA's current PB Ratio of 0.60 is 63% below median its 10-year median of 1.60. Over the past 10 years, this metric has ranged from a low of 0.63 to a high of 24.78. The Software industry median PB Ratio is 2.33. Cloudia Research SpA's value of 0.60 is 74.2% below this industry median. Based on the distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #239 out of 2621 companies in the Software industry, which is in the top quartile — a strong position relative to peers. Overall, Cloudia Research SpA has a GF Score™ of 16/100, reflecting its overall financial health beyond just this single metric.
How does Cloudia Research SpA's PB Ratio compare to IBM and ACN?
According to the Software industry distribution chart, Cloudia Research SpA ranks #239 out of 2621 companies for PB Ratio. This places Cloudia Research SpA in the top 9% of its industry — outperforming the majority of peers. The industry median PB Ratio is 2.33. Cloudia Research SpA's value of 0.60 is 74.2% below this benchmark. Historically, Cloudia Research SpA's own PB Ratio has ranged from 0.63 to 24.78 over the past decade. While the company's 10-year median is 1.60 vs. the industry median of 2.33, Cloudia Research SpA has consistently been below the industry average. See the competitive comparison table and distribution chart on this page for a detailed peer-by-peer breakdown.
What is a good PB Ratio for a Software company?
The median PB Ratio among Software companies is 2.33, based on 2,621 companies in the industry. Companies in the top quartile (top 25%) have a PB Ratio significantly above this median, while those in the bottom quartile fall well below. However, PB Ratio should not be evaluated in isolation — investors should consider it alongside profitability, growth, and financial strength metrics. Cloudia Research SpA's current PB Ratio of 0.60 is 74.2% below the industry median. Use the industry distribution chart on this page to see where any company falls relative to its peers.
What does a high PB Ratio mean?
A high PB Ratio can signal that a stock is expensive relative to its fundamentals. Price-to-Book ratio is the ratio of share price to a company's book value per share. View historical data on Cloudia Research SpA and its competitors. For the Software industry, the median PB Ratio is 2.33 — values significantly above this may indicate overvaluation, while values below may suggest a bargain or underlying issues. Cloudia Research SpA's current PB Ratio is 0.60, which is 63% below median its own 10-year median of 1.60. However, context matters — high-growth companies often justify higher valuations. Always evaluate alongside other metrics like GF Score™ and GF Value™.
Is Cloudia Research SpA stock overvalued right now?
Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2) has a current PB Ratio of 0.60. The current PB Ratio is 0.60, which is 63% below median its 10-year median of 1.60 and 74.2% below the Software industry median of 2.33. Cloudia Research SpA's overall GF Score™ is 16/100 with 4 warning signs to review. Investors should evaluate multiple metrics — including profitability, growth, and financial strength — before making a decision.
How is PB Ratio calculated?
PB Ratio is calculated from a company's financial statements. For Cloudia Research SpA (FRA:ZP2), the current PB Ratio is 0.60 as of Jun. 29, 2026. GuruFocus calculates this using data sourced from SEC filings and annual reports. See the calculation section and 30-year financial data on this page for the full breakdown.
Cloudia Research SpA operates in the IT sector, providing services aimed at the digital transformation of business activity. It is engaged in digital transformation process, designing and providing innovative and customized solutions that allows to implement automated and interconnected IT management systems, which replace previous systems, improving operational efficiency and competitiveness.
16GF Score
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